Examples of edu.stanford.nlp.trees.GrammaticalRelation

edu.stanford.nlp.trees.GrammaticalRelation
{@code GrammaticalRelation} is used to define astandardized, hierarchical set of grammatical relations, together with patterns for identifying them in parse trees.
Each GrammaticalRelation has:
- A String short name, which should be a lowercase abbreviation of some kind (in the fure mainly Universal Dependency names).
- A String long name, which should be descriptive.
- A parent in the GrammaticalRelation hierarchy.
- A {@link Pattern Pattern} calledsourcePattern which matches (parent) nodes from which this GrammaticalRelation could hold. (Note: this is done with the Java regex Pattern matches() predicate. The pattern must match the whole node name, and ^ or $ aren't needed. Tregex constructions like __ do not work. Use ".*" to be applicable at all nodes. This prefiltering is used for efficiency.)
- A list of zero or more {@link TregexPattern TregexPatterns} called targetPatterns,which describe the local tree structure which must hold between the source node and a target node for the GrammaticalRelation to apply. (Note: {@code tregex}regular expressions match with the {@code find()} method, whileliteral string label descriptions that are not regular expressions must be {@code equals()}.)
The targetPatterns associated with a GrammaticalRelation are designed as follows. In order to recognize a grammatical relation X holding between nodes A and B in a parse tree, we want to associate with GrammaticalRelation X a {@link TregexPattern TregexPattern} such that:
- the root of the pattern matches A, and
- the pattern includes a node labeled "target", which matches B.
For example, for the grammatical relation PREDICATE which holds between a clause and its primary verb phrase, we might want to use the pattern {@code "S < VP=target"}, in which the root will match a clause and the node labeled "target" will match the verb phrase.
For a given grammatical relation, the method {@link GrammaticalRelation#getRelatedNodes getRelatedNodes()}takes a Tree node as an argument and attempts to return other nodes which have this grammatical relation to the argument node. By default, this method operates as follows: it steps through the patterns in the pattern list, trying to match each pattern against the argument node, until it finds some matches. If a pattern matches, all matching nodes (that is, each node which corresponds to node label "target" in some match) are returned as a list; otherwise the next pattern is tried.
For some grammatical relations, we need more sophisticated logic to identify related nodes. In such cases, {@link GrammaticalRelation#getRelatedNodes getRelatedNodes()}can be overridden on a per-relation basis using anonymous subclassing.
@see GrammaticalStructure @see EnglishGrammaticalStructure @see EnglishGrammaticalRelations @see edu.stanford.nlp.trees.international.pennchinese.ChineseGrammaticalRelations @author Bill MacCartney @author Galen Andrew (refactoring English-specific stuff) @author Ilya Sherman (refactoring annotation-relation pairing, which is now gone)

   *
   * @param prepositionString The preposition to make a GrammaticalRelation out of
   * @return A grammatical relation for this preposition
   */
  public static GrammaticalRelation getPrep(String prepositionString) {
    GrammaticalRelation result = preps.get(prepositionString);
    if (result == null) {
      synchronized(preps) {
        result = preps.get(prepositionString);
        if (result == null) {
          result = new GrammaticalRelation(Language.English, "prep", "prep_collapsed", PREPOSITIONAL_MODIFIER, prepositionString);
          preps.put(prepositionString, result);
          threadSafeAddRelation(result);
        }
      }
    }

View Full Code Here

   *
   * @param prepositionString The preposition to make a GrammaticalRelation out of
   * @return A grammatical relation for this preposition
   */
  public static GrammaticalRelation getPrepC(String prepositionString) {
    GrammaticalRelation result = prepsC.get(prepositionString);
    if (result == null) {
      synchronized(prepsC) {
        result = prepsC.get(prepositionString);
        if (result == null) {
          result = new GrammaticalRelation(Language.English, "prepc", "prepc_collapsed", DEPENDENT, prepositionString);
          prepsC.put(prepositionString, result);
          threadSafeAddRelation(result);
        }
      }
    }

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      IndexedWord target = nodes.get(ie.getTarget(), ie.getTargetCopy());
      assert(target != null);
      synchronized (globalLock) {
        // this is not thread-safe: there are static fields in GrammaticalRelation
        assert ie.hasDep();
        GrammaticalRelation rel = GrammaticalRelation.valueOf(ie.getDep(), fromProto(ie.getLanguage()));
        graph.addEdge(source, target, rel, 1.0, ie.hasIsExtra() && ie.getIsExtra());
      }
    }


    if (proto.getRootCount() > 0) {

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            // in the case of errors in the basic dependencies, it
            // is possible to have overlapping newGov & dep
            if (newGov.equals(dep)) {
              continue;
            }
            GrammaticalRelation newRel = td1.reln();
            if (newRel != ROOT) {
              if (rcmodHeads.contains(gov) && rcmodHeads.contains(dep)) {
                // to prevent wrong propagation in the case of long dependencies in relative clauses
                if (newRel != DIRECT_OBJECT && newRel != NOMINAL_SUBJECT) {
                  if (DEBUG) {
                    System.err.println("Adding new " + newRel + " dependency from " + newGov + " to " + dep + " (subj/obj case)");
                  }
                  newTypedDeps.add(new TypedDependency(newRel, newGov, dep));
                }
              } else {
                if (DEBUG) {
                  System.err.println("Adding new " + newRel + " dependency from " + newGov + " to " + dep);
                }
                newTypedDeps.add(new TypedDependency(newRel, newGov, dep));
              }
            }
          }
        }


        // propagate subjects
        // look at the gov in the conjunct: if it is has a subject relation,
        // the dep is a verb and the dep doesn't have a subject relation
        // then we want to add a subject relation for the dep.
        // (By testing for the dep to be a verb, we are going to miss subject of
        // copular verbs! but
        // is it safe to relax this assumption?? i.e., just test for the subject
        // part)
        // CDM 2008: I also added in JJ, since participial verbs are often
        // tagged JJ
        String tag = dep.tag();
        if (subjectMap.containsKey(gov) && (tag.startsWith("VB") || tag.startsWith("JJ")) && ! subjectMap.containsKey(dep)) {
          TypedDependency tdsubj = subjectMap.get(gov);
          // check for wrong nsubjpass: if the new verb is VB or VBZ or VBP or JJ, then
          // add nsubj (if it is tagged correctly, should do this for VBD too, but we don't)
          GrammaticalRelation relation = tdsubj.reln();
          if (relation == NOMINAL_PASSIVE_SUBJECT) {
            if (isDefinitelyActive(tag)) {
              relation = NOMINAL_SUBJECT;
            }
          } else if (relation == CLAUSAL_PASSIVE_SUBJECT) {

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    List<IndexedWord> govs = Generics.newArrayList();
    // find typed deps of form cc(gov, dep)
    for (TypedDependency td : list) {
      if (td.reln() == COORDINATION) { // i.e. "cc"
        IndexedWord gov = td.gov();
        GrammaticalRelation conj = conjValue(td.dep().value());
        if (DEBUG) {
          System.err.println("Set conj to " + conj + " based on " + td);
        }


        // find other deps of that gov having reln "conj"

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      // check if we have the same prepositions in the conjunction
      if (samePrepositionInEachConjunct) { // conjDep != null && prepOtherDep !=
        // null &&
        // OK, we have a conjunction over parallel PPs: Fred flew to Greece and
        // to Serbia.
        GrammaticalRelation reln = determinePrepRelation(map, vmod, td1, td1, prepDep.second());


        TypedDependency tdNew = new TypedDependency(reln, td1.gov(), prepDep.first().dep());
        newTypedDeps.add(tdNew);
        if (DEBUG) {
          System.err.println("PrepPoss Conj branch (two parallel PPs) adding: " + tdNew);
          System.err.println("  removing: " + td1 + "  " + prepDep + "  " + ccDep);
        }
        td1.setReln(KILL);// remember these are "used up"
        prepDep.first().setReln(KILL);
        ccDep.setReln(KILL);


        for (Triple<TypedDependency, TypedDependency, Boolean> trip : conjs) {
          TypedDependency conjDep = trip.first();
          TypedDependency prepOtherDep = trip.second();
          if (prepOtherDep == null) {
            // CDM July 2010: I think this should only ever happen if there is a
            // misparse, but it has happened in such circumstances. You have
            // something like (PP in or in (NP Serbia)), with the two
            // prepositions the same. We just clean up the mess.
            if (DEBUG) {
              System.err.println("  apparent misparse: same P twice with only one NP object (prepOtherDep is null)");
              System.err.println("  removing: " + conjDep);
            }
            ccDep.setReln(KILL);
          } else {
            TypedDependency tdNew2 = new TypedDependency(conjValue(ccDep.dep().value()), prepDep.first().dep(), prepOtherDep.dep());
            newTypedDeps.add(tdNew2);
            if (DEBUG) {
              System.err.println("  adding: " + tdNew2);
              System.err.println("  removing: " + conjDep + "  " + prepOtherDep);
            }
            prepOtherDep.setReln(KILL);
          }
          conjDep.setReln(KILL);
        }


        // promote dtrs that would be orphaned
        for (TypedDependency otd : otherDtrs) {
          if (DEBUG) {
            System.err.print("Changed " + otd);
          }
          otd.setGov(td1.gov());
          if (DEBUG) {
            System.err.println(" to " + otd);
          }
        }


        // Now we need to see if there are any TDs that will be "orphaned"
        // by this collapse. Example: if we have:
        // dep(drew, on)
        // dep(on, book)
        // dep(on, right)
        // the first two will be collapsed to on(drew, book), but then
        // the third one will be orphaned, since its governor no
        // longer appears. So, change its governor to 'drew'.
        // CDM Feb 2010: This used to not move COORDINATION OR CONJUNCT, but now
        // it does, since they're not automatically deleted
        // Some things in possibles may have already been changed, so check gov
        if (DEBUG) {
          System.err.println("td1: " + td1 + "; possibles: " + possibles);
        }
        for (TypedDependency td2 : possibles) {
          // if (DEBUG) {
          // System.err.println("[a] td2.reln " + td2.reln() + " td2.gov " +
          // td2.gov() + " td1.dep " + td1.dep());
          // }
          if (td2.reln() != KILL && td2.gov().equals(td1.dep())) { // && td2.reln()
            // != COORDINATION
            // && td2.reln()
            // != CONJUNCT
            if (DEBUG) {
              System.err.println("Changing " + td2 + " to have governor of " + td1 + " [a]");
            }
            td2.setGov(td1.gov());
          }
        }
        continue; // This one has been dealt with successfully
      } // end same prepositions


      // case of "Lufthansa flies to and from Serbia". Make it look like next
      // case :-)
      // that is, the prepOtherDep should be the same as prepDep !
      for (Triple<TypedDependency, TypedDependency, Boolean> trip : conjs) {
        if (trip.first() != null && trip.second() == null) {
          trip.setSecond(new TypedDependency(prepDep.first().reln(), trip.first().dep(), prepDep.first().dep()));
          trip.setThird(prepDep.second());
        }
      }


      // we have two different prepositions in the conjunction
      // in this case we need to add a node
      // "Bill jumped over the fence and through the hoop"
      // prep_over(jumped, fence)
      // conj_and(jumped, jumped)
      // prep_through(jumped, hoop)


      GrammaticalRelation reln = determinePrepRelation(map, vmod, td1, td1, prepDep.second());
      TypedDependency tdNew = new TypedDependency(reln, td1.gov(), prepDep.first().dep());
      newTypedDeps.add(tdNew);
      if (DEBUG) {
        System.err.println("ConjPP (different preps) adding: " + tdNew);
        System.err.println("  deleting: " + td1 + "  " + prepDep.first() + "  " + ccDep);
      }
      td1.setReln(KILL);// remember these are "used up"
      prepDep.first().setReln(KILL);
      ccDep.setReln(KILL);
      // so far we added the first prep grammatical relation


      int copyNumber = 1;
      for (Triple<TypedDependency, TypedDependency, Boolean> trip : conjs) {
        TypedDependency conjDep = trip.first();
        TypedDependency prepOtherDep = trip.second();
        boolean pobj = trip.third();
        // OK, we have a conjunction over different PPs
        // we create a new node;
        // in order to make a distinction between the original node and its copy
        // we add a "copy" entry in the CoreLabel
        // existence of copy key is checked at printing (toString method of
        // TypedDependency)
        IndexedWord label = td1.gov().makeCopy(copyNumber);
        copyNumber++;


        // now we add the conjunction relation between td1.gov and the copy
        // the copy has the same label as td1.gov() but is another TreeGraphNode
        TypedDependency tdNew2 = new TypedDependency(conjValue(ccDep.dep().value()), td1.gov(), label);
        newTypedDeps.add(tdNew2);


        // now we still need to add the second prep grammatical relation
        // between the copy and the dependent of the prepOtherDep node
        TypedDependency tdNew3;


        GrammaticalRelation reln2 = determinePrepRelation(map, vmod, conjDep, td1, pobj);
        tdNew3 = new TypedDependency(reln2, label, prepOtherDep.dep());
        newTypedDeps.add(tdNew3);


        if (DEBUG) {
          System.err.println("  adding: " + tdNew2 + "  " + tdNew3);
          System.err.println("  deleting: " + conjDep + "  " + prepOtherDep);
        }
        conjDep.setReln(KILL);
        prepOtherDep.setReln(KILL);


        // promote dtrs that would be orphaned
        for (TypedDependency otd : otherDtrs) {
          // special treatment for prepositions: the original relation is
          // likely to be a "dep" and we want this to be a "prep"
          if (otd.dep().tag().equals("IN")) {
            otd.setReln(PREPOSITIONAL_MODIFIER);
          }
          otd.setGov(td1.gov());
        }
      }


      // Now we need to see if there are any TDs that will be "orphaned" off
      // the first preposition
      // by this collapse. Example: if we have:
      // dep(drew, on)
      // dep(on, book)
      // dep(on, right)
      // the first two will be collapsed to on(drew, book), but then
      // the third one will be orphaned, since its governor no
      // longer appears. So, change its governor to 'drew'.
      // CDM Feb 2010: This used to not move COORDINATION OR CONJUNCT, but now
      // it does, since they're not automatically deleted
      for (TypedDependency td2 : possibles) {
        if (td2.reln() != KILL) { // && td2.reln() != COORDINATION &&
          // td2.reln() != CONJUNCT) {
          if (DEBUG) {
            System.err.println("Changing " + td2 + " to have governor of " + td1 + " [b]");
          }
          td2.setGov(td1.gov());
        }
      }
      // end for different prepositions
    } // for TypedDependency td1 : list


    // below here is the single preposition/possessor basic case!!
    for (TypedDependency td1 : list) {
      if (td1.reln() == KILL) {
        continue;
      }


      IndexedWord td1Dep = td1.dep();
      String td1DepPOS = td1Dep.tag();
      // find all other typedDeps having our dep as gov
      Set<TypedDependency> possibles = map.get(td1Dep);


      if (possibles != null && (td1.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_MODIFIER || td1.reln() == POSSESSION_MODIFIER || td1.reln() == CONJUNCT)) {


        // look for the "second half"
        boolean pobj = true;// default for prep relation is prep_
        for (TypedDependency td2 : possibles) {
          if (td2.reln() != COORDINATION && td2.reln() != CONJUNCT) {


            IndexedWord td2Dep = td2.dep();
            String td2DepPOS = td2Dep.tag();
            if ((td1.reln() == POSSESSION_MODIFIER || td1.reln() == CONJUNCT)) {
              if (td2.reln() == POSSESSIVE_MODIFIER) {
                if ( ! map.containsKey(td2Dep)) {  // if 's has no kids of its own (it shouldn't!)
                  td2.setReln(KILL);
                }
              }
            } else if ((td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_OBJECT || td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT) && (td1DepPOS.equals("IN") || td1DepPOS.equals("TO") || td1DepPOS.equals("VBG")) && (!(td2DepPOS.equals("RB") || td2DepPOS.equals("IN") || td2DepPOS.equals("TO"))) && !isConjWithNoPrep(td2.gov(), possibles)) {
              // we don't collapse preposition conjoined with a non-preposition
              // to avoid disconnected constituents
              // OK, we have a pair td1, td2 to collapse to td3
              if (DEBUG) {
                System.err.println("(Single prep/poss base case collapsing " + td1 + " and " + td2);
              }


              // check whether we are in a pcomp case:
              if (td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT) {
                pobj = false;
              }


              GrammaticalRelation reln = determinePrepRelation(map, vmod, td1, td1, pobj);
              TypedDependency td3 = new TypedDependency(reln, td1.gov(), td2.dep());
              if (DEBUG) {
                System.err.println("PP adding: " + td3 + " deleting: " + td1 + ' ' + td2);
              }
              // add it to map to deal with recursive cases like "achieved this (PP (PP in part) with talent)"

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      if (!vmod.isEmpty() && vmod.contains(topPrep.gov())) {
        agent = true;
      }
    }


    GrammaticalRelation reln;
    if (agent) {
      reln = AGENT;
    } else {
      // for prepositions, use the preposition
      // for pobj: we collapse into "prep"; for pcomp: we collapse into "prepc"

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    for (TypedDependency td2 : list) {
      if ((td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_OBJECT || td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT) && (td2.gov().equals(mwp1) || td2.gov().equals(mwp0))) {
        if (pobj == null || pobj.dep().index() > td2.dep().index()) {
          pobj = td2;
          // create the new gr relation
          GrammaticalRelation gr;
          if (td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT) {
            gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrepC(str_mwp0 + '_' + str_mwp1);
          } else {
            gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrep(str_mwp0 + '_' + str_mwp1);
          }

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      // search for the complement: pobj|pcomp(mwp1,X)
      for (TypedDependency td2 : list) {
        if (td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_OBJECT && td2.gov().equals(mwp1)) {
          pobj = td2;
          // create the new gr relation
          GrammaticalRelation gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrep(mwp[0] + '_' + mwp[1]);
          newtd = new TypedDependency(gr, governor, pobj.dep());
        }
        if (td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT && td2.gov().equals(mwp1)) {
          pobj = td2;
          // create the new gr relation
          GrammaticalRelation gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrepC(mwp[0] + '_' + mwp[1]);
          newtd = new TypedDependency(gr, governor, pobj.dep());
        }
      }


      if (pobj == null) {

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        TypedDependency newtd = null;
        for (TypedDependency td2 : list) {
          if (td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_OBJECT && td2.gov().equals(mwp2)) {
            pobj = td2;
            // create the new gr relation
            GrammaticalRelation gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrep(mwp[0] + '_' + mwp[1] + '_' + mwp[2]);
            if (governor != null) {
              newtd = new TypedDependency(gr, governor, pobj.dep());
            }
          }
          if (td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT && td2.gov().equals(mwp2)) {
            pobj = td2;
            // create the new gr relation
            GrammaticalRelation gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrepC(mwp[0] + '_' + mwp[1] + '_' + mwp[2]);
            if (governor != null) {
              newtd = new TypedDependency(gr, governor, pobj.dep());
            }
          }
        }


        // only if we found the governor and complement parts, set to KILL and
        // remove
        // and add the new one
        if (prep != null && pobj != null && newtd != null) {
          prep.setReln(KILL);
          dep1.setReln(KILL);
          dep2.setReln(KILL);
          pobj.setReln(KILL);
          newTypedDeps.add(newtd);


          // now remove typed dependencies with reln "kill"
          // and promote possible orphans
          for (TypedDependency td1 : list) {
            if (td1.reln() != KILL) {
              if (td1.gov().equals(mwp0) || td1.gov().equals(mwp1) || td1.gov().equals(mwp2)) {
                td1.setGov(governor);
              }
              if (!newTypedDeps.contains(td1)) {
                newTypedDeps.add(td1);
              }
            }
          }
          list.clear();
          list.addAll(newTypedDeps);
        }
      }
    }


    // second, loop again looking at flat annotation
    for (String[] mwp : THREEWORD_PREPS) {
      newTypedDeps.clear();


      IndexedWord mwp0 = null;
      IndexedWord mwp1 = null;
      IndexedWord mwp2 = null;


      TypedDependency dep1 = null;
      TypedDependency dep2 = null;


      // first find the first part of the 3word preposition: dep(mpw[0], mwp[1])
      // the two words should be next to another in the sentence (difference of
      // indexes = 1)
      for (TypedDependency td : list) {
        if (td.gov().value().equalsIgnoreCase(mwp[0]) && td.dep().value().equalsIgnoreCase(mwp[1]) && Math.abs(td.gov().index() - td.dep().index()) == 1) {
          mwp0 = td.gov();
          mwp1 = td.dep();
          dep1 = td;
        }
      }


      // find the second part of the 3word preposition: dep(mpw[0], mwp[2])
      // the two words should be one word apart in the sentence (difference of
      // indexes = 2)
      for (TypedDependency td : list) {
        if (td.gov().equals(mwp0) && td.dep().value().equalsIgnoreCase(mwp[2]) && Math.abs(td.gov().index() - td.dep().index()) == 2) {
          mwp2 = td.dep();
          dep2 = td;
        }
      }


      if (dep1 != null && dep2 != null) {


        // now search for prep(gov, mwp0)
        IndexedWord governor = null;
        TypedDependency prep = null;
        for (TypedDependency td1 : list) {
          if (td1.dep().equals(mwp0) && td1.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_MODIFIER) {// we
            // found
            // prep(gov,
            // mwp0)
            prep = td1;
            governor = prep.gov();
          }
        }


        // search for the complement: pobj|pcomp(mwp0,X)


        TypedDependency pobj = null;
        TypedDependency newtd = null;
        for (TypedDependency td2 : list) {
          if (td2.gov().equals(mwp0) && td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_OBJECT) {
            pobj = td2;
            // create the new gr relation
            GrammaticalRelation gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrep(mwp[0] + '_' + mwp[1] + '_' + mwp[2]);
            if (governor != null) {
              newtd = new TypedDependency(gr, governor, pobj.dep());
            }
          }
          if (td2.gov().equals(mwp0) && td2.reln() == PREPOSITIONAL_COMPLEMENT) {
            pobj = td2;
            // create the new gr relation
            GrammaticalRelation gr = EnglishGrammaticalRelations.getPrepC(mwp[0] + '_' + mwp[1] + '_' + mwp[2]);
            if (governor != null) {
              newtd = new TypedDependency(gr, governor, pobj.dep());
            }
          }
        }

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edu.stanford.nlp.semgraph.SemanticGraphUtils

edu.stanford.nlp.semgraph.semgrex.ssurgeon.AddDep

edu.stanford.nlp.semgraph.semgrex.ssurgeon.AddEdge

edu.stanford.nlp.trees.EnglishGrammaticalRelations

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