Examples of java.text.CharacterIterator

java.text.CharacterIterator
This interface defines a protocol for bidirectional iteration over text. The iterator iterates over a bounded sequence of characters. Characters are indexed with values beginning with the value returned by getBeginIndex() and continuing through the value returned by getEndIndex()-1.
Iterators maintain a current character index, whose valid range is from getBeginIndex() to getEndIndex(); the value getEndIndex() is included to allow handling of zero-length text ranges and for historical reasons. The current index can be retrieved by calling getIndex() and set directly by calling setIndex(), first(), and last().
The methods previous() and next() are used for iteration. They return DONE if they would move outside the range from getBeginIndex() to getEndIndex() -1, signaling that the iterator has reached the end of the sequence. DONE is also returned by other methods to indicate that the current index is outside this range.
Examples:
Traverse the text from start to finish
```
 public void traverseForward(CharacterIterator iter) { for(char c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.next()) { processChar(c); } } 
```
Traverse the text backwards, from end to start
```
 public void traverseBackward(CharacterIterator iter) { for(char c = iter.last(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.previous()) { processChar(c); } } 
```
Traverse both forward and backward from a given position in the text. Calls to notBoundary() in this example represents some additional stopping criteria.
```
 public void traverseOut(CharacterIterator iter, int pos) { for (char c = iter.setIndex(pos); c != CharacterIterator.DONE && notBoundary(c); c = iter.next()) { } int end = iter.getIndex(); for (char c = iter.setIndex(pos); c != CharacterIterator.DONE && notBoundary(c); c = iter.previous()) { } int start = iter.getIndex(); processSection(start, end); } 
```
@see StringCharacterIterator @see AttributedCharacterIterator

     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public String decode( String jcrNodeName ) {
        if (jcrNodeName == null) return null;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(jcrNodeName);
        for (char c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.next()) {
            char mapped = c;
            if (c == '\uF02A') {
                mapped = '*';
            } else if (c == '\uF02F') {
                mapped = '/';

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    public String encode( String text ) {
        if (text == null) return null;
        if (text.length() == 0) return text;
        final BitSet safeChars = isSlashEncoded() ? RFC2396_UNRESERVED_CHARACTERS : RFC2396_UNRESERVED_WITH_SLASH_CHARACTERS;
        final StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        final CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(text);
        for (char c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.next()) {
            if (safeChars.get(c)) {
                // Safe character, so just pass through ...
                result.append(c);
            } else {
                // The character is not a safe character, and must be escaped ...

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     */
    public String decode( String encodedText ) {
        if (encodedText == null) return null;
        if (encodedText.length() == 0) return encodedText;
        final StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        final CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(encodedText);
        for (char c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.next()) {
            if (c == ESCAPE_CHARACTER) {
                boolean foundEscapedCharacter = false;
                // Found the first character in a potential escape sequence, so grab the next two characters ...
                char hexChar1 = iter.next();
                char hexChar2 = hexChar1 != CharacterIterator.DONE ? iter.next() : CharacterIterator.DONE;
                if (hexChar2 != CharacterIterator.DONE) {
                    // We found two more characters, but ensure they form a valid hexadecimal number ...
                    int hexNum1 = Character.digit(hexChar1, 16);
                    int hexNum2 = Character.digit(hexChar2, 16);
                    if (hexNum1 > -1 && hexNum2 > -1) {

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     * escape characters
     */
    protected void string(Object obj) {
        this.add('"');


        CharacterIterator it = new StringCharacterIterator(obj.toString());


        for (char c = it.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = it.next()) {
            if (c == '"') {
                this.add("\\\"");
            } else if (c == '\\') {
                this.add("\\\\");
            } else if (c == '/') {

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   * required to encode the string.
   * @param string text to encode
   * @return number of UTF-8 bytes required to encode
   */
  public static int utf8Length(String string) {
    CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(string);
    char ch = iter.first();
    int size = 0;
    while (ch != CharacterIterator.DONE) {
      if ((ch >= 0xD800) && (ch < 0xDC00)) {
        // surrogate pair?
        char trail = iter.next();
        if ((trail > 0xDBFF) && (trail < 0xE000)) {
          // valid pair
          size += 4;
        } else {
          // invalid pair
          size += 3;
          iter.previous(); // rewind one
        }
      } else if (ch < 0x80) {
        size++;
      } else if (ch < 0x800) {
        size += 2;
      } else {
        // ch < 0x10000, that is, the largest char value
        size += 3;
      }
      ch = iter.next();
    }
    return size;
  }

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   * required to encode the string.
   * @param string text to encode
   * @return number of UTF-8 bytes required to encode
   */
  public static int utf8Length(String string) {
    CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(string);
    char ch = iter.first();
    int size = 0;
    while (ch != CharacterIterator.DONE) {
      if ((ch >= 0xD800) && (ch < 0xDC00)) {
        // surrogate pair?
        char trail = iter.next();
        if ((trail > 0xDBFF) && (trail < 0xE000)) {
          // valid pair
          size += 4;
        } else {
          // invalid pair
          size += 3;
          iter.previous(); // rewind one
        }
      } else if (ch < 0x80) {
        size++;
      } else if (ch < 0x800) {
        size += 2;
      } else {
        // ch < 0x10000, that is, the largest char value
        size += 3;
      }
      ch = iter.next();
    }
    return size;
  }

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     * escape characters
     */
    private void string(Object obj) {
        this.add('"');


        CharacterIterator it = new StringCharacterIterator(obj.toString());


        for (char c = it.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = it.next()) {
            if (c == '"') {
                this.add("\\\"");
            } else if (c == '\\') {
                this.add("\\\\");
            } else if (c == '/') {

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   * required to encode the string.
   * @param string text to encode
   * @return number of UTF-8 bytes required to encode
   */
  public static int utf8Length(String string) {
    CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(string);
    char ch = iter.first();
    int size = 0;
    while (ch != CharacterIterator.DONE) {
      if ((ch >= 0xD800) && (ch < 0xDC00)) {
        // surrogate pair?
        char trail = iter.next();
        if ((trail > 0xDBFF) && (trail < 0xE000)) {
          // valid pair
          size += 4;
        } else {
          // invalid pair
          size += 3;
          iter.previous(); // rewind one
        }
      } else if (ch < 0x80) {
        size++;
      } else if (ch < 0x800) {
        size += 2;
      } else {
        // ch < 0x10000, that is, the largest char value
        size += 3;
      }
      ch = iter.next();
    }
    return size;
  }

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            // relative path
        }


        path = path.replace('\\', '/');


        CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(path);
        for (char c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE;
             c = iter.next()) {
            if (c < 256 && isSpecial[c]) {
                sb.append('%');
                sb.append(escapedChar1[c]);
                sb.append(escapedChar2[c]);
            } else {

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            && Character.isLetter(uri.charAt(1)) && uri.lastIndexOf(':') > -1) {
            uri = uri.substring(1);
        }


        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        CharacterIterator iter = new StringCharacterIterator(uri);
        for (char c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE;
             c = iter.next()) {
            if (c == '%') {
                char c1 = iter.next();
                if (c1 != CharacterIterator.DONE) {
                    int i1 = Character.digit(c1, 16);
                    char c2 = iter.next();
                    if (c2 != CharacterIterator.DONE) {
                        int i2 = Character.digit(c2, 16);
                        sb.append((char) ((i1 << 4) + i2));
                    }
                }

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