Examples of java.nio.Buffer

java.nio.Buffer
A buffer is a list of elements of a specific primitive type.
A buffer can be described by following properties:
- Capacity, is the number of elements a buffer can hold. Capacity is no less than zero and never changes.
- Posotion, is a cursor of this buffer. Elements are read or write at the position if you do not specify an index explicitly. Position is no less than zero and no greater than the limit.
- Limit controls the scope of accessible elements. You can only read or write elements from index zero to limit - 1. Accessing elements out of the scope will cause exception. Limit is no less than zero and no greater than capacity.
- Mark, is used to remember the current position, so that you can reset the position later. Mark is no less than zero and no greater than position.
- A buffer can be readonly or read-write. Trying to modify the elements of a readonly buffer will cause ReadOnlyBufferException, while changing the position, limit and mark of a readonly buffer is OK.
- A buffer can be direct or indirect. A direct buffer will try its best to take advantage of native memory APIs and it may not stay in java heap, thus not affected by GC.
Buffers are not thread-safe. If concurrent access to a buffer instance is required, then the callers are responsible to take care of the synchronization issues.

        // Write them out, read what we wrote and check it
        client.write(buffers);
        ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        worker.read(readBuffer);
        readBuffer.flip();
        Buffer expected = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024).put(data).put(data).flip();
        assertEquals(expected, readBuffer);


        // Tidy-up
        worker.close();
        client.close();

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        bs.write();
    }
    public void testBufferFieldReadUnchanged() {
        if (!Platform.HAS_BUFFERS) return;
        BufferStructure bs = new BufferStructure();
        Buffer b = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(16);
        bs.buffer = b;
        bs.dbuffer = ((ByteBuffer)bs.buffer).asDoubleBuffer();
        bs.write();
        bs.read();
        assertEquals("Buffer field should be unchanged", b, bs.buffer);

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         int chunkSize = 10; // 10K
         int chunkId = 0;


         CharBuffer cbuf = CharBuffer.allocate(1024 * chunkSize);
         while (bufferedReader.read(cbuf) >= 0) {
            Buffer buffer = cbuf.flip();
            String textChunk = buffer.toString();
            cache.put(textFile + (chunkId++), textChunk);
            cbuf.clear();
            if (chunkId % 100 == 0) System.out.printf("  Inserted %s chunks from %s into grid%n", chunkId, textFile);
         }
      } finally {

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      }
  }


  private void intialState(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    buf = factory.newInstance();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "intialState", 10, 10, true, 10, 0);
  }

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    buf = factory.newInstance();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "intialState", 10, 10, true, 10, 0);
  }
  private void position(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    buf = factory.newInstance();
    h.check(buf.position(1), buf,  "position: buf.position(1)");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "position", 10, 10, true, 9, 1);
    buf.position(10);
    checkStatus(h, buf, "position", 10, 10, false, 0, 10);


    // position can't be negative
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    try
      {
        buf.position(-1);
        h.check(false, "position: is negative");
      }
      catch(IllegalArgumentException iae)
      {
        h.check(true, "position: can't be negative");
      }


    // position can't be larger than limit
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.limit(5);
    try
      {
        buf.position(6);
        h.check(false, "position: is larger than capacity");
      }
      catch(IllegalArgumentException iae)
      {
        h.check(true, "position: can't be larger than capacity");

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        h.check(true, "position: can't be larger than capacity");
      }
  }
  private void mark(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    // mark at default position
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    h.check(buf.mark(), buf, "mark: buf.mark()");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 10, 0);
    buf.position(5);
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 5, 5);
    h.check(buf.reset(), buf, "mark: buf.reset()");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 10, 0);
    buf.position(6);
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 4, 6);
    buf.reset();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 10, 0);


    // mark at specified position
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(5);
    buf.mark();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 5, 5);
    buf.position(6);
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 4, 6);
    buf.reset();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 5, 5);
    buf.position(7);
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 3, 7);
    buf.reset();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 5, 5);


    // mark should be discarded if new position is smaller than mark
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(5);
    buf.mark();
    buf.position(4);
    try
      {
        buf.reset();
        h.check(false, "mark: mark not invalidated");
      }
      catch(InvalidMarkException ime)
      {
        h.check(true, "mark: invalidated mark");

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      }
    checkStatus(h, buf, "mark", 10, 10, true, 6, 4);
  }
  private void limit(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(2);
    buf.mark();
    buf.position(3);
    h.check(buf.limit(4), buf, "limit: buf.limit(4)");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "limit", 10, 4, true, 1, 3);
    buf.reset();
    checkStatus(h, buf, "limit", 10, 4, true, 2, 2);


    // mark should be discarded if new limit is smaller than mark
    // and position should be set to new limit
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(5);
    buf.mark();
    buf.position(6);
    buf.limit(4);
    checkStatus(h, buf, "limit", 10, 4, false, 0, 4);
    try
      {
        buf.reset();
        h.check(false, "limit: mark not invalidated");
      }
      catch(InvalidMarkException ime)
      {
        h.check(true, "limit: invalidated mark");
      }


    // limit can't be negative
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    try
      {
        buf.limit(-1);
        h.check(false, "limit: is negative");
      }
      catch(IllegalArgumentException iae)
      {
        h.check(true, "limit: can't be negative");
      }


    // limit can't be larger than capacity
    buf = factory.newInstance();
    try
      {
        buf.limit(11);
        h.check(false, "limit: is larger than capacity");
      }
      catch(IllegalArgumentException iae)
      {
        h.check(true, "limit: can't be larger than capacity");

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        h.check(true, "limit: can't be larger than capacity");
      }
  }
  private void rewind(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(5);
    buf.mark();
    buf.position(6);
    buf.limit(9);
    h.check(buf.rewind(), buf, "rewind: buf.rewind()");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "rewind", 10, 9, true, 9, 0);
    try
      {
        buf.reset();
        h.check(false, "rewind: mark not invalidated");
     }
      catch(InvalidMarkException ime)
      {
        h.check(true, "rewind: invalidated mark");

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        h.check(true, "rewind: invalidated mark");
      }
  }
  private void clear(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(5);
    buf.mark();
    buf.position(6);
    buf.limit(7);
    h.check(buf.clear(), buf, "clear: buf.clear()");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "clear", 10, 10, true, 10, 0);
    try
      {
        buf.reset();
        h.check(false, "clear: mark not invalidated");
      }
      catch(InvalidMarkException ime)
      {
        h.check(true, "clear: invalidated mark");

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        h.check(true, "clear: invalidated mark");
      }
  }
  private void flip(TestHarness h, BufferFactory factory)
  {
    Buffer buf = null;


    buf = factory.newInstance();
    buf.position(5);
    buf.mark();
    buf.position(6);
    h.check(buf.flip(), buf, "flip: buf.flip()");
    checkStatus(h, buf, "flip", 10, 6, true, 6, 0);
    try
      {
        buf.reset();
        h.check(false, "flip: mark not invalidated");
      }
      catch(InvalidMarkException ime)
      {
        h.check(true, "flip: invalidated mark");

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