Examples of java.nio.Buffer

java.nio.Buffer
A buffer is a list of elements of a specific primitive type.
A buffer can be described by following properties:
- Capacity, is the number of elements a buffer can hold. Capacity is no less than zero and never changes.
- Posotion, is a cursor of this buffer. Elements are read or write at the position if you do not specify an index explicitly. Position is no less than zero and no greater than the limit.
- Limit controls the scope of accessible elements. You can only read or write elements from index zero to limit - 1. Accessing elements out of the scope will cause exception. Limit is no less than zero and no greater than capacity.
- Mark, is used to remember the current position, so that you can reset the position later. Mark is no less than zero and no greater than position.
- A buffer can be readonly or read-write. Trying to modify the elements of a readonly buffer will cause ReadOnlyBufferException, while changing the position, limit and mark of a readonly buffer is OK.
- A buffer can be direct or indirect. A direct buffer will try its best to take advantage of native memory APIs and it may not stay in java heap, thus not affected by GC.
Buffers are not thread-safe. If concurrent access to a buffer instance is required, then the callers are responsible to take care of the synchronization issues.

    public static void testFlip(Buffer buf) {
        // save state
        int oldPosition = buf.position();
        int oldLimit = buf.limit();


        Buffer ret = buf.flip();
        assertSame(ret, buf);
        assertEquals(buf.position(), 0);
        assertEquals(buf.limit(), oldPosition);
        try {
            buf.reset();

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    public static void testLimitint(Buffer buf) {
        // save state
        int oldPosition = buf.position();
        int oldLimit = buf.limit();
        
        Buffer ret = buf.limit(buf.limit());
        assertSame(ret, buf);


        buf.mark();
        buf.limit(buf.capacity());
        assertEquals(buf.limit(), buf.capacity());

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    public static void testMark(Buffer buf) {
        // save state
        int oldPosition = buf.position();
        int oldLimit = buf.limit();


        Buffer ret = buf.mark();
        assertSame(ret, buf);


        buf.mark();
        buf.position(buf.limit());
        buf.reset();

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            } catch (InvalidMarkException e) {
                // expected
            }
        }
        
        Buffer ret = buf.position(0);
        assertSame(ret, buf);


        // restore state
        buf.limit(oldLimit);
        buf.position(oldPosition);

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        buf.mark();
        buf.position(buf.limit());
        buf.reset();
        assertEquals(buf.position(), oldPosition);
        
        Buffer ret = buf.reset();
        assertSame(ret, buf);


        buf.clear();
        try {
            buf.reset();

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    public static void testRewind(Buffer buf) {
        // save state
        int oldPosition = buf.position();
        int oldLimit = buf.limit();
        
        Buffer ret = buf.rewind();
        assertEquals(buf.position(), 0);
        assertSame(ret, buf);
        try {
            buf.reset();
            fail("Should throw Exception"); //$NON-NLS-1$

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    if (dst.position() > 0) {
      presliced = dst;
      dst = dst.slice();
    }


    Buffer originalCompressed = compressedDirectBuf;
    Buffer originalUncompressed = uncompressedDirectBuf;
    int originalBufferSize = directBufferSize;
    compressedDirectBuf = src.slice();
    compressedDirectBufLen = src.remaining();
    uncompressedDirectBuf = dst;
    directBufferSize = dst.remaining();

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    if (dst.position() > 0) {
      presliced = dst;
      dst = dst.slice();
    }


    Buffer originalCompressed = compressedDirectBuf;
    Buffer originalUncompressed = uncompressedDirectBuf;
    int originalBufferSize = directBufferSize;
    compressedDirectBuf = src;
    compressedDirectBufOff = src.position();
    compressedDirectBufLen = src.remaining();
    uncompressedDirectBuf = dst;

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  @Test
  public void canSerializeNullableDecimals() throws SerDeException, IOException {
    String field = "{ \"name\":\"nullableBytes\", \"type\":[\"null\", " +
        "{\"type\":\"bytes\", \"logicalType\":\"decimal\", \"precision\":5, \"scale\":4}] }";
    Buffer bb = AvroSerdeUtils.getBufferFromDecimal(HiveDecimal.create("3.1416"), 4);
    GenericRecord r = serializeAndDeserialize(field, "nullableBytes", bb);


    Object result = r.get("nullableBytes");
    assertNotSame(bb, result);
    assertEquals(bb, result);

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         * @param  length   The number of characters to read.
         * @throws IOException If an error (including EOF) occurred while reading the stream.
         */
        final void readFully(final int dataSize, int offset, int length) throws IOException {
            ensureBufferContains(Math.min(length * dataSize, buffer.capacity()));
            final Buffer view = createView(); // Must be after ensureBufferContains
            int n = Math.min(view.remaining(), length);
            transfer(offset, n);
            skipInBuffer(n * dataSize);
            while ((length -= n) != 0) {
                offset += n;
                ensureBufferContains(dataSize);
                view.position(0).limit(buffer.remaining() / dataSize);
                transfer(offset, n = Math.min(view.remaining(), length));
                skipInBuffer(n * dataSize);
            }
        }

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