Examples of java.net.InetAddress$InetAddressHolder

java.net.InetAddress

etf.org/rfc/rfc790.txt">RFC 790: Assigned Numbers, RFC 1918: Address Allocation for Private Internets, RFC 2365: Administratively Scoped IP Multicast, and RFC 2373: IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture. An instance of an InetAddress consists of an IP address and possibly its corresponding host name (depending on whether it is constructed with a host name or whether it has already done reverse host name resolution).

Address types

unicast An identifier for a single interface. A packet sent to a unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address.
The Unspecified Address -- Also called anylocal or wildcard address. It must never be assigned to any node. It indicates the absence of an address. One example of its use is as the target of bind, which allows a server to accept a client connection on any interface, in case the server host has multiple interfaces.
The unspecified address must not be used as the destination address of an IP packet.
The Loopback Addresses -- This is the address assigned to the loopback interface. Anything sent to this IP address loops around and becomes IP input on the local host. This address is often used when testing a client.

multicast An identifier for a set of interfaces (typically belonging to different nodes). A packet sent to a multicast address is delivered to all interfaces identified by that address.

unicast	An identifier for a single interface. A packet sent to a unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address. The Unspecified Address -- Also called anylocal or wildcard address. It must never be assigned to any node. It indicates the absence of an address. One example of its use is as the target of bind, which allows a server to accept a client connection on any interface, in case the server host has multiple interfaces. The unspecified address must not be used as the destination address of an IP packet. The Loopback Addresses -- This is the address assigned to the loopback interface. Anything sent to this IP address loops around and becomes IP input on the local host. This address is often used when testing a client.
multicast	An identifier for a set of interfaces (typically belonging to different nodes). A packet sent to a multicast address is delivered to all interfaces identified by that address.

IP address scope

Link-local addresses are designed to be used for addressing on a single link for purposes such as auto-address configuration, neighbor discovery, or when no routers are present.

Site-local addresses are designed to be used for addressing inside of a site without the need for a global prefix.

Global addresses are unique across the internet.

Textual representation of IP addresses

The textual representation of an IP address is address family specific.

For IPv4 address format, please refer to Inet4Address#format; For IPv6 address format, please refer to Inet6Address#format.

There is a couple of System Properties affecting how IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are used.

Host Name Resolution

Host name-to-IP address resolution is accomplished through the use of a combination of local machine configuration information and network naming services such as the Domain Name System (DNS) and Network Information Service(NIS). The particular naming services(s) being used is by default the local machine configured one. For any host name, its corresponding IP address is returned.

Reverse name resolution means that for any IP address, the host associated with the IP address is returned.

The InetAddress class provides methods to resolve host names to their IP addresses and vice versa.

InetAddress Caching

The InetAddress class has a cache to store successful as well as unsuccessful host name resolutions.

By default, when a security manager is installed, in order to protect against DNS spoofing attacks, the result of positive host name resolutions are cached forever. When a security manager is not installed, the default behavior is to cache entries for a finite (implementation dependent) period of time. The result of unsuccessful host name resolution is cached for a very short period of time (10 seconds) to improve performance.

If the default behavior is not desired, then a Java security property can be set to a different Time-to-live (TTL) value for positive caching. Likewise, a system admin can configure a different negative caching TTL value when needed.

Two Java security properties control the TTL values used for positive and negative host name resolution caching:

networkaddress.cache.ttl

Indicates the caching policy for successful name lookups from the name service. The value is specified as as integer to indicate the number of seconds to cache the successful lookup. The default setting is to cache for an implementation specific period of time.
A value of -1 indicates "cache forever".

networkaddress.cache.negative.ttl (default: 10)

Indicates the caching policy for un-successful name lookups from the name service. The value is specified as as integer to indicate the number of seconds to cache the failure for un-successful lookups.
A value of 0 indicates "never cache". A value of -1 indicates "cache forever".

@author Chris Warth @see java.net.InetAddress#getByAddress(byte[]) @see java.net.InetAddress#getByAddress(java.lang.String,byte[]) @see java.net.InetAddress#getAllByName(java.lang.String) @see java.net.InetAddress#getByName(java.lang.String) @see java.net.InetAddress#getLocalHost() @since JDK1.0

      
      byte[]  bytes = new byte[4];
      
      buffer.get( bytes );
      
      InetAddress inet_address = InetAddress.getByAddress( bytes );
      
      new proxyStateV5RequestPort( "", inet_address );
      
      return( true );
    }

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      connection.setConnectState( this );
      
      target_channel = SocketChannel.open();
      
        InetAddress bindIP = NetworkAdmin.getSingleton().getMultiHomedOutgoingRoundRobinBindAddress(address.getAddress());
        
          if ( bindIP != null ){
            
            target_channel.socket().bind( new InetSocketAddress( bindIP, 0 ) );
          }

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  public static boolean
  testIfAzureusIP(
    final String  ip )
  {
    try{
      InetAddress address = HostNameToIPResolver.syncResolve( ip );
      
      final String host_address = address.getHostAddress();
      
      if ( platform_ips.contains( host_address )){
  
        return( true );
      }

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                  {
                    public void
                    localAddressChanged(
                      DHTPluginContact  local_contact )
                    {
                      InetAddress latest_dht_address = local_contact.getAddress().getAddress();
                                              
                      if ( sameFamily( internal_address, latest_dht_address )){
                      
                        dht_address     = latest_dht_address;
                        dht_address_time  = SystemTime.getCurrentTime();

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  protected void
  readConfig(
    boolean  first_time )
  {
    InetAddress  new_internal_address  = NetworkAdmin.getSingleton().getSingleHomedServiceBindAddress();
    
    if ( new_internal_address == null ){
      
      try{
        new_internal_address = InetAddress.getByName( "0.0.0.0" );

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  }
  
  protected InetAddress
  readExternalAddress()
  {
    InetAddress   external_address = null;


      // no point in kicking off any queries if we're closing
    
    if ( manager.isClosing()){
      
      external_address  = last_external_address;
      
      if ( external_address == null ){
        
        try{
          external_address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
          
        }catch( Throwable e ){
          
          Debug.printStackTrace(e);
        }
      }
      
      return( external_address );
    }
              
      DHTPlugin dht = adapter.getDHTPlugin();
            
        // if DHT has informed us of an address then we use this - most reliable up to date one
        // unless the version server cache time is more recent
      
      if ( dht_address != null && dht_address_time <= SystemTime.getCurrentTime()){
        
        AZInstanceManagerAdapter.VCPublicAddress a = adapter.getVCPublicAddress();


        if ( a != null ){
          
          long cache_time = a.getCacheTime(); 
          
          if ( cache_time <= dht_address_time ){
            
            external_address = dht_address;
          }
        }
      }


      if (   external_address == null &&
          ( dht == null || dht.getStatus() != DHTPlugin.STATUS_RUNNING )){
    
          // use cached version if available and the DHT isn't


        AZInstanceManagerAdapter.VCPublicAddress a = adapter.getVCPublicAddress();
            
      if ( a != null ){
        
        try{
          
          external_address  = InetAddress.getByName( a.getAddress());
          
        }catch( Throwable e ){
          
          Debug.printStackTrace(e);
        }
      }
    }
    
    if ( external_address == null && dht != null  ){
      
        // no cache, use DHT (this will hang during initialisation, hence the use of cached
        // version above
      
      try{
        InetAddress latest_dht_address = dht.getLocalAddress().getAddress().getAddress();
        
          // ignore any v6 addresses from DHT
        
        if ( sameFamily( internal_address, latest_dht_address )){

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      if ( !buddy.isOnline( false )){
        
        continue;
      }
      
      InetAddress ip       = buddy.getAdjustedIP();
      
      if ( ip == null ){
        
        continue;
      }
      
      int      tcp_port  = buddy.getTCPPort();
      int      udp_port  = buddy.getUDPPort();
      
      List  downloads = (List)entry.getValue();
      
      for (int i=0;i<downloads.size();i++){
        
        Download  download = (Download)downloads.get(i);
        
        PeerManager pm = download.getPeerManager();
        
        if ( pm == null ){
          
          continue;
        }
        
        Peer[] existing_peers = pm.getPeers( ip.getHostAddress());
      
        boolean  connected = false;
        
        for (int j=0;j<existing_peers.length;j++){
          
          Peer peer = existing_peers[j];
          
          if (   peer.getTCPListenPort() == tcp_port ||
              peer.getUDPListenPort() == udp_port ){
            
            connected = true;
            
            break;
          }  
        }
        
        if ( connected ){
          
          log( download.getName() + " - peer " + ip.getHostAddress() + " already connected" );
          
          continue;
        }
        
        log( download.getName() + " - connecting to peer " + ip.getHostAddress());


        PEPeerManager c_pm = PluginCoreUtils.unwrap( pm ); 
        
        Map  user_data = new LightHashMap();
        
        user_data.put( PEER_KEY, download );
        
        user_data.put( Peer.PR_PRIORITY_CONNECTION, new Boolean( true ));
        
        c_pm.addPeer( ip.getHostAddress(), tcp_port, udp_port, true, user_data );
      }
    }
  }

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              if ( d instanceof DeviceMediaRendererImpl ){
                  
                DeviceMediaRendererImpl r = (DeviceMediaRendererImpl)d;
                  
                InetAddress device_address = r.getAddress();
                  
                if ( device_address != null && device_address.equals( address )){
                    
                  if ( r.isAlive() != alive ){
                    
                    if ( alive ){

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                if ( device instanceof DeviceMediaRendererImpl ){
                
                  DeviceMediaRendererImpl renderer = (DeviceMediaRendererImpl)device;
                  
                  InetAddress device_address = renderer.getAddress();
                  
                  try{
                    if ( device_address != null ){
                            
                        // just test on IP, should be OK
                      
                      if ( device_address.equals( client_address.getAddress())){
          
                        if ( renderer.canFilterFilesView()){
                        
                          boolean  skip = false;

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    DeviceImpl[] devices = manager.getDevices();


    for ( final Map.Entry<InetAddress, String> entry: ud.entrySet()){
      
      InetAddress  address = entry.getKey();
      
      boolean already_assoc = false;


      for ( DeviceImpl d: devices ){
                
        if ( d instanceof DeviceMediaRendererImpl ){
          
          DeviceMediaRendererImpl r = (DeviceMediaRendererImpl)d;
          
          InetAddress device_address = r.getAddress();
          
          if ( d.isAlive() && device_address != null && device_address.equals( address )){
            
            already_assoc = true;
            
            break;
          }

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