Package org.hibernate.ejb

Source Code of org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl

/*
* Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
*
* Copyright (c) 2009 by Red Hat Inc and/or its affiliates or by
* third-party contributors as indicated by either @author tags or express
* copyright attribution statements applied by the authors.  All
* third-party contributions are distributed under license by Red Hat Inc.
*
* This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use, modify,
* copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU
* Lesser General Public License, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
* or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License
* for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with this distribution; if not, write to:
* Free Software Foundation, Inc.
* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor
* Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
*/
package org.hibernate.ejb;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.FlushModeType;
import javax.persistence.LockModeType;
import javax.persistence.NoResultException;
import javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException;
import javax.persistence.OptimisticLockException;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContextType;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
import javax.persistence.PessimisticLockException;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException;
import javax.persistence.Tuple;
import javax.persistence.TupleElement;
import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;
import javax.persistence.PessimisticLockScope;
import javax.persistence.LockTimeoutException;
import javax.persistence.QueryTimeoutException;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
import javax.persistence.criteria.Selection;
import javax.persistence.metamodel.Metamodel;
import javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitTransactionType;
import javax.transaction.Status;
import javax.transaction.Synchronization;
import javax.transaction.SystemException;
import javax.transaction.TransactionManager;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.hibernate.*;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
import org.hibernate.ejb.criteria.ValueHandlerFactory;
import org.hibernate.ejb.criteria.expression.CompoundSelectionImpl;
import org.hibernate.ejb.transaction.JoinableCMTTransaction;
import org.hibernate.ejb.util.ConfigurationHelper;
import org.hibernate.ejb.criteria.CriteriaQueryCompiler;
import org.hibernate.engine.SessionFactoryImplementor;
import org.hibernate.engine.SessionImplementor;
import org.hibernate.proxy.HibernateProxy;
import org.hibernate.transaction.TransactionFactory;
import org.hibernate.transform.BasicTransformerAdapter;
import org.hibernate.transform.ResultTransformer;
import org.hibernate.util.CollectionHelper;
import org.hibernate.util.JTAHelper;

/**
* @author <a href="mailto:gavin@hibernate.org">Gavin King</a>
* @author Emmanuel Bernard
* @author Steve Ebersole
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public abstract class AbstractEntityManagerImpl implements HibernateEntityManagerImplementor, Serializable {
  private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger( AbstractEntityManagerImpl.class );
  private static final String PESSIMISTICLOCKSCOPE  = "javax.persistence.lock.scope";
  private static final String PESSIMISTICLOCKTIMEOUT= "javax.persistence.lock.timeout";

  private EntityManagerFactoryImpl entityManagerFactory;
  protected transient TransactionImpl tx = new TransactionImpl( this );
  protected PersistenceContextType persistenceContextType;
  private FlushModeType flushModeType = FlushModeType.AUTO;
  private PersistenceUnitTransactionType transactionType;
  private Map properties;

  protected AbstractEntityManagerImpl(
      EntityManagerFactoryImpl entityManagerFactory,
      PersistenceContextType type,
      PersistenceUnitTransactionType transactionType,
      Map properties) {
    this.entityManagerFactory = entityManagerFactory;
    this.persistenceContextType = type;
    this.transactionType = transactionType;
    this.properties = properties != null ? properties : CollectionHelper.EMPTY_MAP;
  }

  protected void postInit() {
    //register in Sync if needed
    if ( PersistenceUnitTransactionType.JTA.equals( transactionType ) ) {
      joinTransaction( true );
    }
    Object flushMode = properties.get( "org.hibernate.flushMode" );
    if ( flushMode != null ) {
      getSession().setFlushMode( ConfigurationHelper.getFlushMode( flushMode ) );
    }
    this.properties = null;
  }

  public Query createQuery(String jpaqlString) {
    try {
      return new QueryImpl<Object>( getSession().createQuery( jpaqlString ), this );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  public <T> TypedQuery<T> createQuery(String jpaqlString, Class<T> resultClass) {
    try {
      org.hibernate.Query hqlQuery = getSession().createQuery( jpaqlString );
      if ( hqlQuery.getReturnTypes().length != 1 ) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot create TypedQuery for query with more than one return" );
      }
      if ( ! resultClass.isAssignableFrom( hqlQuery.getReturnTypes()[0].getReturnedClass() ) ) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "Type specified for TypedQuery [" +
                resultClass.getName() +
                "] is incompatible with query return type [" +
                hqlQuery.getReturnTypes()[0].getReturnedClass() + "]"
        );
      }
      return new QueryImpl<T>( hqlQuery, this );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  public <T> TypedQuery<T> createQuery(
      String jpaqlString,
      Class<T> resultClass,
      Selection selection,
      Options options) {
    try {
      org.hibernate.Query hqlQuery = getSession().createQuery( jpaqlString );

      if ( options.getValueHandlers() == null ) {
        options.getResultMetadataValidator().validate( hqlQuery.getReturnTypes() );
      }

      // determine if we need a result transformer
      List tupleElements = Tuple.class.equals( resultClass )
          ? ( (CompoundSelectionImpl<Tuple>) selection ).getCompoundSelectionItems()
          : null;
      if ( options.getValueHandlers() != null || tupleElements != null ) {
        hqlQuery.setResultTransformer(
            new CriteriaQueryTransformer( options.getValueHandlers(), tupleElements )
        );
      }
      return new QueryImpl<T>( hqlQuery, this, options.getNamedParameterExplicitTypes() );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  private static class CriteriaQueryTransformer extends BasicTransformerAdapter {
    private final List<ValueHandlerFactory.ValueHandler> valueHandlers;
    private final List tupleElements;

    private CriteriaQueryTransformer(List<ValueHandlerFactory.ValueHandler> valueHandlers, List tupleElements) {
      // todo : should these 2 sizes match *always*?
      this.valueHandlers = valueHandlers;
      this.tupleElements = tupleElements;
    }

    @Override
    public Object transformTuple(Object[] tuple, String[] aliases) {
      final Object[] valueHandlerResult;
      if ( valueHandlers == null ) {
        valueHandlerResult = tuple;
      }
      else {
        valueHandlerResult = new Object[ tuple.length ];
        for ( int i = 0; i < tuple.length; i++ ) {
          ValueHandlerFactory.ValueHandler valueHandler = valueHandlers.get( i );
          valueHandlerResult[i] = valueHandler == null
              ? tuple[i]
              : valueHandler.convert( tuple[i] );
        }
      }

      return tupleElements == null
          ? valueHandlerResult.length == 1 ? valueHandlerResult[0] : valueHandlerResult
          : new TupleImpl( tuple );

    }

    private class TupleImpl implements Tuple {
      private final Object[] tuples;

      private TupleImpl(Object[] tuples) {
        if ( tuples.length != tupleElements.size() ) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "Size mismatch between tuple result [" + tuples.length
                  + "] and expected tuple elements [" + tupleElements.size() + "]"
          );
        }
        this.tuples = tuples;
      }

      public <X> X get(TupleElement<X> tupleElement) {
        int index = tupleElements.indexOf( tupleElement );
        if ( index < 0 ) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Requested tuple element did not correspond to element in the result tuple" );
        }
        // index should be "in range" by nature of size check in ctor
        return (X) tuples[index];
      }

      public Object get(String alias) {
        int index = -1;
        if ( alias != null ) {
          alias = alias.trim();
          if ( alias.length() > 0 ) {
            int i = 0;
            for ( TupleElement selection : (List<TupleElement>) tupleElements ) {
              if ( alias.equals( selection.getAlias() ) ) {
                index = i;
                break;
              }
              i++;
            }
          }
        }
        if ( index < 0 ) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "Given alias [" + alias + "] did not correspond to an element in the result tuple"
          );
        }
        // index should be "in range" by nature of size check in ctor
        return tuples[index];
      }

      public <X> X get(String alias, Class<X> type) {
        return (X) get( alias );
      }

      public Object get(int i) {
        if ( i >= tuples.length ) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "Given index [" + i + "] was outside the range of result tuple size [" + tuples.length + "] "
          );
        }
        return tuples[i];
      }

      public <X> X get(int i, Class<X> type) {
        return (X) get( i );
      }

      public Object[] toArray() {
        return tuples;
      }

      public List<TupleElement<?>> getElements() {
        return (List<TupleElement<?>>) tupleElements;
      }
    }
  }

  private CriteriaQueryCompiler criteriaQueryCompiler;

  public <T> TypedQuery<T> createQuery(CriteriaQuery<T> criteriaQuery) {
    if ( criteriaQueryCompiler == null ) {
      criteriaQueryCompiler = new CriteriaQueryCompiler( this );
    }
    return criteriaQueryCompiler.compile( criteriaQuery );
  }

  public Query createNamedQuery(String name) {
    try {
      org.hibernate.Query namedQuery = getSession().getNamedQuery( name );
      try {
        return new QueryImpl( namedQuery, this );
      }
      catch ( HibernateException he ) {
        throw convert( he );
      }
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Named query not found: " + name );
    }
  }

  public <T> TypedQuery<T> createNamedQuery(String name, Class<T> resultClass) {
    try {
      org.hibernate.Query namedQuery = getSession().getNamedQuery( name );
      try {
        if ( namedQuery.getReturnTypes().length != 1 ) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot create TypedQuery for query with more than one return" );
        }
        if ( ! resultClass.isAssignableFrom( namedQuery.getReturnTypes()[0].getReturnedClass() ) ) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "Type specified for TypedQuery [" +
                  resultClass.getName() +
                  "] is incompatible with query return type [" +
                  namedQuery.getReturnTypes()[0].getReturnedClass() + "]"
          );
        }
        return new QueryImpl<T>( namedQuery, this );
      }
      catch ( HibernateException he ) {
        throw convert( he );
      }
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Named query not found: " + name );
    }
  }


  public Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString) {
    try {
      SQLQuery q = getSession().createSQLQuery( sqlString );
      return new QueryImpl( q, this );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  public Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString, Class resultClass) {
    try {
      SQLQuery q = getSession().createSQLQuery( sqlString );
      q.addEntity( "alias1", resultClass.getName(), LockMode.READ );
      return new QueryImpl( q, this );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  public Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString, String resultSetMapping) {
    try {
      SQLQuery q = getSession().createSQLQuery( sqlString );
      q.setResultSetMapping( resultSetMapping );
      return new QueryImpl( q, this );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <T> T getReference(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey) {
    try {
      return ( T ) getSession().load( entityClass, ( Serializable ) primaryKey );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( TypeMismatchException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( ClassCastException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <A> A find(Class<A> entityClass, Object primaryKey) {
    return find( entityClass, primaryKey, null, null);
  }

  public <T> T find(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey, Map<String, Object> properties) {
    return find(entityClass, primaryKey, null, null);
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <A> A find(Class<A> entityClass, Object  primaryKey, LockModeType lockModeType) {
    return find(entityClass, primaryKey, lockModeType, null);
  }

  public <A> A find(Class<A> entityClass, Object  primaryKey, LockModeType lockModeType, Map<String, Object> properties) {
    LockOptions lockOptions = null;
    try {
      if ( lockModeType != null )
        return ( A ) getSession().get( entityClass, ( Serializable ) primaryKey,
          ( lockOptions = getLockRequest(lockModeType, properties) ) );
      else
        return ( A ) getSession().get( entityClass, ( Serializable ) primaryKey );
    }
    catch ( ObjectDeletedException e ) {
      //the spec is silent about people doing remove() find() on the same PC
      return null;
    }
    catch ( ObjectNotFoundException e ) {
      //should not happen on the entity itself with get
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( TypeMismatchException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( ClassCastException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he , lockOptions );
    }
  }

  private void checkTransactionNeeded() {
    if ( persistenceContextType == PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION && !isTransactionInProgress() ) {
      //no need to mark as rollback, no tx in progress
      throw new TransactionRequiredException(
          "no transaction is in progress for a TRANSACTION type persistence context"
      );
    }
  }

  public void persist(Object entity) {
    checkTransactionNeeded();
    try {
      getSession().persist( entity );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage() );
    }
    catch ( RuntimeException e ) {
      throw convert( e );
    }
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <A> A merge(A entity) {
    checkTransactionNeeded();
    try {
      return ( A ) getSession().merge( entity );
    }
    catch ( ObjectDeletedException sse ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( sse );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( RuntimeException e ) { //including HibernateException
      throw convert( e );
    }
  }

  public void remove(Object entity) {
    checkTransactionNeeded();
    try {
      getSession().delete( entity );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( RuntimeException e ) { //including HibernateException
      throw convert( e );
    }
  }

  public void refresh(Object entity) {
    refresh(entity, null, null);
  }

  public void refresh(Object entity, Map<String, Object> properties) {
    refresh(entity, null, null);
  }

  public void refresh(Object entity, LockModeType lockModeType) {
    refresh(entity, lockModeType, null);
  }

  public void refresh(Object entity, LockModeType lockModeType, Map<String, Object> properties) {
    checkTransactionNeeded();
    LockOptions lockOptions = null;
    try {
      if ( !getSession().contains( entity ) ) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Entity not managed" );
      }
      if(lockModeType != null)
        getSession().refresh( entity, (lockOptions = getLockRequest(lockModeType, properties) ) );
      else
        getSession().refresh( entity );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he, lockOptions);
    }
  }

  public boolean contains(Object entity) {
    try {
      if ( entity != null
          && !( entity instanceof HibernateProxy )
          && getSession().getSessionFactory().getClassMetadata( entity.getClass() ) == null ) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Not an entity:" + entity.getClass() );
      }
      return getSession().contains( entity );
    }
    catch ( MappingException e ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( e.getMessage(), e );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  public LockModeType getLockMode(Object entity) {
    if ( !contains( entity ) ) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException( "entity not in the persistence context" );
    }
    return this.getLockModeType(getSession().getCurrentLockMode(entity));
  }

  public void setProperty(String s, Object o) {
    //FIXME
    //To change body of implemented methods use File | Settings | File Templates.
  }

  public Map<String, Object> getProperties() {
    //FIXME
    return null//To change body of implemented methods use File | Settings | File Templates.
  }

  public void flush() {
    try {
      if ( !isTransactionInProgress() ) {
        throw new TransactionRequiredException( "no transaction is in progress" );
      }
      //adjustFlushMode();
      getSession().flush();
    }
    catch ( RuntimeException e ) {
      throw convert( e );
    }
  }

  /**
   * return a Session
   *
   * @throws IllegalStateException if the entity manager is closed
   */
  public abstract Session getSession();

  /**
   * Return a Session (even if the entity manager is closed).
   *
   * @return A session.
   */
  protected abstract Session getRawSession();

  public EntityTransaction getTransaction() {
    if ( transactionType == PersistenceUnitTransactionType.JTA ) {
      throw new IllegalStateException( "A JTA EntityManager cannot use getTransaction()" );
    }
    return tx;
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public EntityManagerFactoryImpl getEntityManagerFactory() {
    return entityManagerFactory;
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public HibernateEntityManagerFactory getFactory() {
    return entityManagerFactory;
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public CriteriaBuilder getCriteriaBuilder() {
    return getEntityManagerFactory().getCriteriaBuilder();
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public Metamodel getMetamodel() {
    return getEntityManagerFactory().getMetamodel();
  }

  public void setFlushMode(FlushModeType flushModeType) {
    this.flushModeType = flushModeType;
    if ( flushModeType == FlushModeType.AUTO ) {
      getSession().setFlushMode( FlushMode.AUTO );
    }
    else if ( flushModeType == FlushModeType.COMMIT ) {
      getSession().setFlushMode( FlushMode.COMMIT );
    }
    else {
      throw new AssertionFailure( "Unknown FlushModeType: " + flushModeType );
    }
  }

  public void clear() {
    //adjustFlushMode();
    try {
      getSession().clear();
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  public void detach(Object entity) {
    try {
      getSession().evict( entity );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he );
    }
  }

  /**
   * Hibernate can be set in various flush modes that are unknown to
   * JPA 2.0. This method can then return null.
   * If it returns null, do em.unwrap(Session.class).getFlushMode() to get the
   * Hibernate flush mode
   */
  public FlushModeType getFlushMode() {
    FlushMode mode = getSession().getFlushMode();
    if ( mode == FlushMode.AUTO ) {
      this.flushModeType = FlushModeType.AUTO;
    }
    else if ( mode == FlushMode.COMMIT ) {
      this.flushModeType = FlushModeType.COMMIT;
    }
    else {
      return null;
    }
    //otherwise this is an unknown mode for EJB3
    return flushModeType;
  }

  public void lock(Object entity, LockModeType lockMode) {
    lock( entity, lockMode, null);
  }

  public void lock(Object entity, LockModeType lockModeType, Map<String, Object> properties) {
    LockOptions lockOptions = null;
    try {
      if ( !isTransactionInProgress() ) {
        throw new TransactionRequiredException( "no transaction is in progress" );
      }
      //adjustFlushMode();
      if ( !contains( entity ) ) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException( "entity not in the persistence context" );
      }
      getSession().buildLockRequest( (lockOptions = getLockRequest(lockModeType, properties))).lock( entity );
    }
    catch ( HibernateException he ) {
      throw convert( he , lockOptions);
    }

  }

  public LockOptions getLockRequest(LockModeType lockModeType, Map<String, Object> properties) {
    LockOptions lockOptions = new LockOptions();
    lockOptions.setLockMode(getLockMode(lockModeType));
    if ( properties != null ) {
      // lockOptions scope will default to false (PessimisticLockScope.NORMAL)
      Object value = properties.get(PESSIMISTICLOCKSCOPE);
      if ( value instanceof String && PessimisticLockScope.valueOf((String) value) == PessimisticLockScope.EXTENDED) {
        lockOptions.setScope(true);
      }
      // lockOptions timeout will default to LockOptions.FOREVER_WAIT
      value = properties.get(PESSIMISTICLOCKTIMEOUT);
      if ( value instanceof String ) {
        int timeout = Integer.parseInt((String) value);
        if ( timeout < 0 ) {
          lockOptions.setTimeOut(LockOptions.WAIT_FOREVER);
        }
        else if( timeout == 0 ) {
          lockOptions.setTimeOut(LockOptions.NO_WAIT);
        }
        else {
          lockOptions.setTimeOut(timeout);
        }
      }
    }
    return lockOptions;
  }

  private static LockModeType getLockModeType(LockMode lockMode) {
    if ( lockMode == LockMode.NONE )
      return LockModeType.NONE;
    else if ( lockMode == LockMode.OPTIMISTIC || lockMode == LockMode.READ )
      return LockModeType.OPTIMISTIC;
    else if ( lockMode == LockMode.OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT || lockMode == LockMode.WRITE )
      return LockModeType.OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT;
    else if ( lockMode == LockMode.PESSIMISTIC_READ )
      return LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_READ;
    else if ( lockMode == LockMode.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE
        || lockMode == LockMode.UPGRADE
        || lockMode == LockMode.UPGRADE_NOWAIT) //timeout of 0
      //TODO check that if we have UPGRADE_NOWAIT we have a timeout of zero?
      return LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE;
    else if ( lockMode == LockMode.PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT
        || lockMode == LockMode.FORCE)
      return LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT;
    throw new AssertionFailure("unhandled lock mode " + lockMode );
  }


  private static LockMode getLockMode(LockModeType lockMode) {
    switch ( lockMode ) {

      case READ:
      case OPTIMISTIC:
        return LockMode.OPTIMISTIC;

      case OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT:
      case WRITE:
        return LockMode.OPTIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT;

      case PESSIMISTIC_READ:
        return LockMode.PESSIMISTIC_READ;

      case PESSIMISTIC_WRITE:
        return LockMode.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE;

      case PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT:
        return LockMode.PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT;

      case NONE:
        return LockMode.NONE;

      default:
        throw new AssertionFailure( "Unknown LockModeType: " + lockMode );
    }
  }

  public boolean isTransactionInProgress() {
    return ( ( SessionImplementor ) getRawSession() ).isTransactionInProgress();
  }

  protected void markAsRollback() {
    log.debug( "mark transaction for rollback" );
    if ( tx.isActive() ) {
      tx.setRollbackOnly();
    }
    else {
      //no explicit use of the tx. boundaries methods
      if ( PersistenceUnitTransactionType.JTA == transactionType ) {
        TransactionManager transactionManager =
            ( ( SessionFactoryImplementor ) getRawSession().getSessionFactory() ).getTransactionManager();
        if ( transactionManager == null ) {
          throw new PersistenceException(
              "Using a JTA persistence context wo setting hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class"
          );
        }
        try {
          transactionManager.setRollbackOnly();
        }
        catch ( SystemException e ) {
          throw new PersistenceException( "Unable to set the JTA transaction as RollbackOnly", e );
        }
      }
    }
  }

  public void joinTransaction() {
    joinTransaction( false );
  }

  public <T> T unwrap(Class<T> clazz) {
    if ( clazz.equals( Session.class ) ) {
      return ( T ) getSession();
    }
    if ( clazz.equals( SessionImplementor.class ) ) {
      return ( T ) getSession();
    }
    else {
      //unknown class type
      throw new PersistenceException( "Hibernate cannot unwrap " + clazz);
    }
  }

  private void joinTransaction(boolean ignoreNotJoining) {
    //set the joined status
    getSession().isOpen(); //for sync
    if ( transactionType == PersistenceUnitTransactionType.JTA ) {
      try {
        log.debug( "Looking for a JTA transaction to join" );
        final Session session = getSession();
        final Transaction transaction = session.getTransaction();
        if ( transaction != null && transaction instanceof JoinableCMTTransaction ) {
          //can't handle it if not a joinnable transaction
          final JoinableCMTTransaction joinableCMTTransaction = ( JoinableCMTTransaction ) transaction;

          if ( joinableCMTTransaction.getStatus() == JoinableCMTTransaction.JoinStatus.JOINED ) {
            log.debug( "Transaction already joined" );
            return; //no-op
          }
          joinableCMTTransaction.markForJoined();
          session.isOpen(); //register to the Tx
          if ( joinableCMTTransaction.getStatus() == JoinableCMTTransaction.JoinStatus.NOT_JOINED ) {
            if ( ignoreNotJoining ) {
              log.debug( "No JTA transaction found" );
              return;
            }
            else {
              throw new TransactionRequiredException(
                  "No active JTA transaction on joinTransaction call"
              );
            }
          }
          else if ( joinableCMTTransaction.getStatus() == JoinableCMTTransaction.JoinStatus.MARKED_FOR_JOINED ) {
            throw new AssertionFailure( "Transaction MARKED_FOR_JOINED after isOpen() call" );
          }
          //flush before completion and
          //register clear on rollback
          log.trace( "Adding flush() and close() synchronization" );
          joinableCMTTransaction.registerSynchronization(
              new Synchronization() {
                public void beforeCompletion() {
                  boolean flush = false;
                  TransactionFactory.Context ctx = null;
                  try {
                    ctx = ( TransactionFactory.Context ) session;
                    JoinableCMTTransaction joinable = ( JoinableCMTTransaction ) session.getTransaction();
                    javax.transaction.Transaction transaction = joinable.getTransaction();
                    if ( transaction == null ) {
                      log.warn(
                          "Transaction not available on beforeCompletionPhase: assuming valid"
                      );
                    }
                    flush = !ctx.isFlushModeNever() &&
                        //ctx.isFlushBeforeCompletionEnabled() &&
                        //TODO probably make it ! isFlushBeforecompletion()
                        ( transaction == null || !JTAHelper.isRollback( transaction.getStatus() ) );
                    //transaction == null workaround a JBoss TMBug
                  }
                  catch ( SystemException se ) {
                    log.error( "could not determine transaction status", se );
                    PersistenceException pe = new PersistenceException(
                        "could not determine transaction status in beforeCompletion()",
                        se
                    );
                    // handlePersistenceException will mark the transaction as rollbacked
                    handlePersistenceException( pe );
                    throw pe;
                  }
                  catch ( HibernateException he ) {
                    throwPersistenceException( he );
                  }

                  try {
                    if ( flush ) {
                      log.trace( "automatically flushing session" );
                      ctx.managedFlush();
                    }
                    else {
                      log.trace( "skipping managed flushing" );
                    }
                  }
                  catch ( HibernateException he ) {
                    throw convert( he );
                  }
                  catch( PersistenceException pe ) {
                    handlePersistenceException( pe );
                    throw pe;
                  }
                  catch ( RuntimeException re ) {
                    PersistenceException wrapped = new PersistenceException( re );
                    handlePersistenceException( wrapped );
                    throw wrapped;
                  }
                }

                public void afterCompletion(int status) {
                  try {
                    if ( Status.STATUS_ROLLEDBACK == status
                        && transactionType == PersistenceUnitTransactionType.JTA ) {
                      if ( session.isOpen() ) {
                        session.clear();
                      }
                    }
                    if ( session.isOpen() ) {
                      //only reset if the session is opened since you can't get the Transaction otherwise
                      JoinableCMTTransaction joinable = ( JoinableCMTTransaction ) session.getTransaction();
                      joinable.resetStatus();
                    }
                  }
                  catch ( HibernateException e ) {
                    throw convert( e );
                  }
                }
              }
          );
        }
        else {
          log.warn( "Cannot join transaction: do not override {}", Environment.TRANSACTION_STRATEGY );
        }
      }
      catch ( HibernateException he ) {
        throw convert( he );
      }
    }
    else {
      if ( !ignoreNotJoining ) {
        log.warn( "Calling joinTransaction() on a non JTA EntityManager" );
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * returns the underlying session
   */
  public Object getDelegate() {
    return getSession();
  }

  private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream oos) throws IOException {
    oos.defaultWriteObject();
  }

  private void readObject(ObjectInputStream ois) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
    ois.defaultReadObject();
    tx = new TransactionImpl( this );
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public void handlePersistenceException(PersistenceException e) {
    if ( e instanceof NoResultException ) {
      return;
    }
    if ( e instanceof NonUniqueResultException ) {
      return;
    }
    if ( e instanceof LockTimeoutException ) {
      return;
    }
    if ( e instanceof QueryTimeoutException ) {
      return;
    }

    try {
      markAsRollback();
    }
    catch ( Exception ne ) {
      //we do not want the subsequent exception to swallow the original one
      log.error( "Unable to mark for rollback on PersistenceException: ", ne );
    }
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public void throwPersistenceException(PersistenceException e) {
    handlePersistenceException( e );
    throw e;
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  //FIXME should we remove all calls to this method and use convert(RuntimeException) ?
  public RuntimeException convert(HibernateException e) {
    return convert(e, null);
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public RuntimeException convert(RuntimeException e) {
    RuntimeException result = e;
    if ( e instanceof HibernateException ) {
      result = convert( (HibernateException) e );
    }
    else if (e instanceof ConstraintViolationException) {
      markAsRollback();
    }
    //if any RT exception should mark the tx for rollback, convert the last else if into a else
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public RuntimeException convert(HibernateException e, LockOptions lockOptions) {
    if ( e instanceof StaleStateException ) {
      PersistenceException converted = wrapStaleStateException( ( StaleStateException ) e );
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
    else if ( e instanceof org.hibernate.OptimisticLockException ) {
      PersistenceException converted = wrapLockException(e, lockOptions);
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
    else if ( e instanceof org.hibernate.PessimisticLockException ) {
      PersistenceException converted = wrapLockException(e, lockOptions);
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
    else if ( e instanceof ObjectNotFoundException ) {
      EntityNotFoundException converted = new EntityNotFoundException( e.getMessage() );
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
    else if ( e instanceof org.hibernate.NonUniqueResultException ) {
      NonUniqueResultException converted = new NonUniqueResultException( e.getMessage() );
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
    else if ( e instanceof UnresolvableObjectException ) {
      EntityNotFoundException converted = new EntityNotFoundException( e.getMessage() );
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
    else if ( e instanceof QueryException ) {
      return new IllegalArgumentException( e );
    }
    else if ( e instanceof TransientObjectException ) {
      try {
        markAsRollback();
      }
      catch ( Exception ne ) {
        //we do not want the subsequent exception to swallow the original one
        log.error( "Unable to mark for rollback on TransientObjectException: ", ne );
      }
      return new IllegalStateException( e ); //Spec 3.2.3 Synchronization rules
    }
    else {
      PersistenceException converted = new PersistenceException( e );
      handlePersistenceException( converted );
      return converted;
    }
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public void throwPersistenceException(HibernateException e) {
    throw convert( e );
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public PersistenceException wrapStaleStateException(StaleStateException e) {
    PersistenceException pe;
    if ( e instanceof StaleObjectStateException ) {
      StaleObjectStateException sose = ( StaleObjectStateException ) e;
      Serializable identifier = sose.getIdentifier();
      if ( identifier != null ) {
        try {
          Object entity = getRawSession().load( sose.getEntityName(), identifier );
          if ( entity instanceof Serializable ) {
            //avoid some user errors regarding boundary crossing
            pe = new OptimisticLockException( null, e, entity );
          }
          else {
            pe = new OptimisticLockException( e );
          }
        }
        catch ( EntityNotFoundException enfe ) {
          pe = new OptimisticLockException( e );
        }
      }
      else {
        pe = new OptimisticLockException( e );
      }
    }
    else {
      pe = new OptimisticLockException( e );
    }
    return pe;
  }

  public PersistenceException wrapLockException(HibernateException e, LockOptions lockOptions) {
    PersistenceException pe;
    if ( e instanceof org.hibernate.OptimisticLockException ) {
       org.hibernate.OptimisticLockException ole = (org.hibernate.OptimisticLockException)e;
      pe = new OptimisticLockException(ole.getMessage(), ole, ole.getEntity());
    }
    else if ( e instanceof org.hibernate.PessimisticLockException ) {
        org.hibernate.PessimisticLockException ple = (org.hibernate.PessimisticLockException)e;
      if (lockOptions !=null && lockOptions.getTimeOut() > -1) {
        // assume lock timeout occurred if a timeout or NO WAIT was specified
        pe = new LockTimeoutException(ple.getMessage(), ple, ple.getEntity());
      }
      else {
        pe = new PessimisticLockException(ple.getMessage(), ple, ple.getEntity());
      }
    }
    else {
      pe = new OptimisticLockException( e );
    }
    return pe;
  }

}
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