Package org.springframework.context.annotation

Source Code of org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

/*
* Copyright 2002-2012 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Member;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.ejb.EJB;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.ws.Service;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceClient;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceRef;

import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.core.BridgeMethodResolver;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.jndi.support.SimpleJndiBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

/**
* {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor} implementation
* that supports common Java annotations out of the box, in particular the JSR-250
* annotations in the <code>javax.annotation</code> package. These common Java
* annotations are supported in many Java EE 5 technologies (e.g. JSF 1.2),
* as well as in Java 6's JAX-WS.
*
* <p>This post-processor includes support for the {@link javax.annotation.PostConstruct}
* and {@link javax.annotation.PreDestroy} annotations - as init annotation
* and destroy annotation, respectively - through inheriting from
* {@link InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor} with pre-configured annotation types.
*
* <p>The central element is the {@link javax.annotation.Resource} annotation
* for annotation-driven injection of named beans, by default from the containing
* Spring BeanFactory, with only <code>mappedName</code> references resolved in JNDI.
* The {@link #setAlwaysUseJndiLookup "alwaysUseJndiLookup" flag} enforces JNDI lookups
* equivalent to standard Java EE 5 resource injection for <code>name</code> references
* and default names as well. The target beans can be simple POJOs, with no special
* requirements other than the type having to match.
*
* <p>The JAX-WS {@link javax.xml.ws.WebServiceRef} annotation is supported too,
* analogous to {@link javax.annotation.Resource} but with the capability of creating
* specific JAX-WS service endpoints. This may either point to an explicitly defined
* resource by name or operate on a locally specified JAX-WS service class. Finally,
* this post-processor also supports the EJB 3 {@link javax.ejb.EJB} annotation,
* analogous to {@link javax.annotation.Resource} as well, with the capability to
* specify both a local bean name and a global JNDI name for fallback retrieval.
* The target beans can be plain POJOs as well as EJB 3 Session Beans in this case.
*
* <p>The common annotations supported by this post-processor are available in
* Java 6 (JDK 1.6) as well as in Java EE 5/6 (which provides a standalone jar for
* its common annotations as well, allowing for use in any Java 5 based application).
* Hence, this post-processor works out of the box on JDK 1.6, and requires the
* JSR-250 API jar (and optionally the JAX-WS API jar and/or the EJB 3 API jar)
* to be added to the classpath on JDK 1.5 (when running outside of Java EE 5/6).
*
* <p>For default usage, resolving resource names as Spring bean names,
* simply define the following in your application context:
*
* <pre class="code">
* &lt;bean class="org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/&gt;</pre>
*
* For direct JNDI access, resolving resource names as JNDI resource references
* within the Java EE application's "java:comp/env/" namespace, use the following:
*
* <pre class="code">
* &lt;bean class="org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"&gt;
*   &lt;property name="alwaysUseJndiLookup" value="true"/&gt;
* &lt;/bean&gt;</pre>
*
* <code>mappedName</code> references will always be resolved in JNDI,
* allowing for global JNDI names (including "java:" prefix) as well. The
* "alwaysUseJndiLookup" flag just affects <code>name</code> references and
* default names (inferred from the field name / property name).
*
* <p><b>NOTE:</b> A default CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor will be registered
* by the "context:annotation-config" and "context:component-scan" XML tags.
* Remove or turn off the default annotation configuration there if you intend
* to specify a custom CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor bean definition!
* <p><b>NOTE:</b> Annotation injection will be performed <i>before</i> XML injection; thus
* the latter configuration will override the former for properties wired through
* both approaches.
*
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @since 2.5
* @see #setAlwaysUseJndiLookup
* @see #setResourceFactory
* @see org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
* @see org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor extends InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
    implements InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor, BeanFactoryAware, Serializable {

  private static Class<? extends Annotation> webServiceRefClass = null;

  private static Class<? extends Annotation> ejbRefClass = null;

  static {
    ClassLoader cl = CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class.getClassLoader();
    try {
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      Class<? extends Annotation> clazz = (Class<? extends Annotation>) cl.loadClass("javax.xml.ws.WebServiceRef");
      webServiceRefClass = clazz;
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      webServiceRefClass = null;
    }
    try {
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      Class<? extends Annotation> clazz = (Class<? extends Annotation>) cl.loadClass("javax.ejb.EJB");
      ejbRefClass = clazz;
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      ejbRefClass = null;
    }
  }


  private final Set<String> ignoredResourceTypes = new HashSet<String>(1);

  private boolean fallbackToDefaultTypeMatch = true;

  private boolean alwaysUseJndiLookup = false;

  private transient BeanFactory jndiFactory = new SimpleJndiBeanFactory();

  private transient BeanFactory resourceFactory;

  private transient BeanFactory beanFactory;

  private transient final Map<Class<?>, InjectionMetadata> injectionMetadataCache =
      new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, InjectionMetadata>(64);


  /**
   * Create a new CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor,
   * with the init and destroy annotation types set to
   * {@link javax.annotation.PostConstruct} and {@link javax.annotation.PreDestroy},
   * respectively.
   */
  public CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor() {
    setOrder(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 3);
    setInitAnnotationType(PostConstruct.class);
    setDestroyAnnotationType(PreDestroy.class);
    ignoreResourceType("javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext");
  }


  /**
   * Ignore the given resource type when resolving <code>@Resource</code>
   * annotations.
   * <p>By default, the <code>javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext</code> interface
   * will be ignored, since it will be resolved by the JAX-WS runtime.
   * @param resourceType the resource type to ignore
   */
  public void ignoreResourceType(String resourceType) {
    Assert.notNull(resourceType, "Ignored resource type must not be null");
    this.ignoredResourceTypes.add(resourceType);
  }

  /**
   * Set whether to allow a fallback to a type match if no explicit name has been
   * specified. The default name (i.e. the field name or bean property name) will
   * still be checked first; if a bean of that name exists, it will be taken.
   * However, if no bean of that name exists, a by-type resolution of the
   * dependency will be attempted if this flag is "true".
   * <p>Default is "true". Switch this flag to "false" in order to enforce a
   * by-name lookup in all cases, throwing an exception in case of no name match.
   * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory#resolveDependency
   */
  public void setFallbackToDefaultTypeMatch(boolean fallbackToDefaultTypeMatch) {
    this.fallbackToDefaultTypeMatch = fallbackToDefaultTypeMatch;
  }

  /**
   * Set whether to always use JNDI lookups equivalent to standard Java EE 5 resource
   * injection, <b>even for <code>name</code> attributes and default names</b>.
   * <p>Default is "false": Resource names are used for Spring bean lookups in the
   * containing BeanFactory; only <code>mappedName</code> attributes point directly
   * into JNDI. Switch this flag to "true" for enforcing Java EE style JNDI lookups
   * in any case, even for <code>name</code> attributes and default names.
   * @see #setJndiFactory
   * @see #setResourceFactory
   */
  public void setAlwaysUseJndiLookup(boolean alwaysUseJndiLookup) {
    this.alwaysUseJndiLookup = alwaysUseJndiLookup;
  }

  /**
   * Specify the factory for objects to be injected into <code>@Resource</code> /
   * <code>@WebServiceRef</code> / <code>@EJB</code> annotated fields and setter methods,
   * <b>for <code>mappedName</code> attributes that point directly into JNDI</b>.
   * This factory will also be used if "alwaysUseJndiLookup" is set to "true" in order
   * to enforce JNDI lookups even for <code>name</code> attributes and default names.
   * <p>The default is a {@link org.springframework.jndi.support.SimpleJndiBeanFactory}
   * for JNDI lookup behavior equivalent to standard Java EE 5 resource injection.
   * @see #setResourceFactory
   * @see #setAlwaysUseJndiLookup
   */
  public void setJndiFactory(BeanFactory jndiFactory) {
    Assert.notNull(jndiFactory, "BeanFactory must not be null");
    this.jndiFactory = jndiFactory;
  }

  /**
   * Specify the factory for objects to be injected into <code>@Resource</code> /
   * <code>@WebServiceRef</code> / <code>@EJB</code> annotated fields and setter methods,
   * <b>for <code>name</code> attributes and default names</b>.
   * <p>The default is the BeanFactory that this post-processor is defined in,
   * if any, looking up resource names as Spring bean names. Specify the resource
   * factory explicitly for programmatic usage of this post-processor.
   * <p>Specifying Spring's {@link org.springframework.jndi.support.SimpleJndiBeanFactory}
   * leads to JNDI lookup behavior equivalent to standard Java EE 5 resource injection,
   * even for <code>name</code> attributes and default names. This is the same behavior
   * that the "alwaysUseJndiLookup" flag enables.
   * @see #setAlwaysUseJndiLookup
   */
  public void setResourceFactory(BeanFactory resourceFactory) {
    Assert.notNull(resourceFactory, "BeanFactory must not be null");
    this.resourceFactory = resourceFactory;
  }

  public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
    Assert.notNull(beanFactory, "BeanFactory must not be null");
    this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
    if (this.resourceFactory == null) {
      this.resourceFactory = beanFactory;
    }
  }


  @Override
  public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
    super.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(beanDefinition, beanType, beanName);
    if (beanType != null) {
      InjectionMetadata metadata = findResourceMetadata(beanType);
      metadata.checkConfigMembers(beanDefinition);
    }
  }

  public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
    return null;
  }

  public boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
    return true;
  }

  public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
      PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

    InjectionMetadata metadata = findResourceMetadata(bean.getClass());
    try {
      metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Injection of resource dependencies failed", ex);
    }
    return pvs;
  }


  private InjectionMetadata findResourceMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) {
    // Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
    InjectionMetadata metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(clazz);
    if (metadata == null) {
      synchronized (this.injectionMetadataCache) {
        metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(clazz);
        if (metadata == null) {
          LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> elements = new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
          Class<?> targetClass = clazz;

          do {
            LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> currElements = new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
            for (Field field : targetClass.getDeclaredFields()) {
              if (webServiceRefClass != null && field.isAnnotationPresent(webServiceRefClass)) {
                if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
                  throw new IllegalStateException("@WebServiceRef annotation is not supported on static fields");
                }
                currElements.add(new WebServiceRefElement(field, null));
              }
              else if (ejbRefClass != null && field.isAnnotationPresent(ejbRefClass)) {
                if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
                  throw new IllegalStateException("@EJB annotation is not supported on static fields");
                }
                currElements.add(new EjbRefElement(field, null));
              }
              else if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Resource.class)) {
                if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
                  throw new IllegalStateException("@Resource annotation is not supported on static fields");
                }
                if (!ignoredResourceTypes.contains(field.getType().getName())) {
                  currElements.add(new ResourceElement(field, null));
                }
              }
            }
            for (Method method : targetClass.getDeclaredMethods()) {
              method = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
              Method mostSpecificMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, clazz));
              if (method.equals(mostSpecificMethod)) {
                if (webServiceRefClass != null && method.isAnnotationPresent(webServiceRefClass)) {
                  if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("@WebServiceRef annotation is not supported on static methods");
                  }
                  if (method.getParameterTypes().length != 1) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("@WebServiceRef annotation requires a single-arg method: " + method);
                  }
                  PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(method);
                  currElements.add(new WebServiceRefElement(method, pd));
                }
                else if (ejbRefClass != null && method.isAnnotationPresent(ejbRefClass)) {
                  if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("@EJB annotation is not supported on static methods");
                  }
                  if (method.getParameterTypes().length != 1) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("@EJB annotation requires a single-arg method: " + method);
                  }
                  PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(method);
                  currElements.add(new EjbRefElement(method, pd));
                }
                else if (method.isAnnotationPresent(Resource.class)) {
                  if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("@Resource annotation is not supported on static methods");
                  }
                  Class<?>[] paramTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
                  if (paramTypes.length != 1) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("@Resource annotation requires a single-arg method: " + method);
                  }
                  if (!ignoredResourceTypes.contains(paramTypes[0].getName())) {
                    PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(method);
                    currElements.add(new ResourceElement(method, pd));
                  }
                }
              }
            }
            elements.addAll(0, currElements);
            targetClass = targetClass.getSuperclass();
          }
          while (targetClass != null && targetClass != Object.class);

          metadata = new InjectionMetadata(clazz, elements);
          this.injectionMetadataCache.put(clazz, metadata);
        }
      }
    }
    return metadata;
  }

  /**
   * Obtain the resource object for the given name and type.
   * @param element the descriptor for the annotated field/method
   * @param requestingBeanName the name of the requesting bean
   * @return the resource object (never <code>null</code>)
   * @throws BeansException if we failed to obtain the target resource
   */
  protected Object getResource(LookupElement element, String requestingBeanName) throws BeansException {
    if (StringUtils.hasLength(element.mappedName)) {
      return this.jndiFactory.getBean(element.mappedName, element.lookupType);
    }
    if (this.alwaysUseJndiLookup) {
      return this.jndiFactory.getBean(element.name, element.lookupType);
    }
    if (this.resourceFactory == null) {
      throw new NoSuchBeanDefinitionException(element.lookupType,
          "No resource factory configured - specify the 'resourceFactory' property");
    }
    return autowireResource(this.resourceFactory, element, requestingBeanName);
  }

  /**
   * Obtain a resource object for the given name and type through autowiring
   * based on the given factory.
   * @param factory the factory to autowire against
   * @param element the descriptor for the annotated field/method
   * @param requestingBeanName the name of the requesting bean
   * @return the resource object (never <code>null</code>)
   * @throws BeansException if we failed to obtain the target resource
   */
  protected Object autowireResource(BeanFactory factory, LookupElement element, String requestingBeanName)
      throws BeansException {

    Object resource;
    Set<String> autowiredBeanNames;
    String name = element.name;

    if (this.fallbackToDefaultTypeMatch && element.isDefaultName &&
        factory instanceof AutowireCapableBeanFactory && !factory.containsBean(name)) {
      autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<String>();
      resource = ((AutowireCapableBeanFactory) factory).resolveDependency(
          element.getDependencyDescriptor(), requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, null);
    }
    else {
      resource = factory.getBean(name, element.lookupType);
      autowiredBeanNames = Collections.singleton(name);
    }

    if (factory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
      ConfigurableBeanFactory beanFactory = (ConfigurableBeanFactory) factory;
      for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
        if (beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName)) {
          beanFactory.registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, requestingBeanName);
        }
      }
    }

    return resource;
  }


  /**
   * Class representing generic injection information about an annotated field
   * or setter method, supporting @Resource and related annotations.
   */
  protected abstract class LookupElement extends InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement {

    protected String name;

    protected boolean isDefaultName = false;

    protected Class<?> lookupType;

    protected String mappedName;

    public LookupElement(Member member, PropertyDescriptor pd) {
      super(member, pd);
      initAnnotation((AnnotatedElement) member);
    }

    protected abstract void initAnnotation(AnnotatedElement ae);

    /**
     * Return the resource name for the lookup.
     */
    public final String getName() {
      return this.name;
    }

    /**
     * Return the desired type for the lookup.
     */
    public final Class<?> getLookupType() {
      return this.lookupType;
    }

    /**
     * Build a DependencyDescriptor for the underlying field/method.
     */
    public final DependencyDescriptor getDependencyDescriptor() {
      if (this.isField) {
        return new LookupDependencyDescriptor((Field) this.member, this.lookupType);
      }
      else {
        return new LookupDependencyDescriptor((Method) this.member, this.lookupType);
      }
    }
  }


  /**
   * Class representing injection information about an annotated field
   * or setter method, supporting the @Resource annotation.
   */
  private class ResourceElement extends LookupElement {

    protected boolean shareable = true;

    public ResourceElement(Member member, PropertyDescriptor pd) {
      super(member, pd);
    }

    @Override
    protected void initAnnotation(AnnotatedElement ae) {
      Resource resource = ae.getAnnotation(Resource.class);
      String resourceName = resource.name();
      Class<?> resourceType = resource.type();
      this.isDefaultName = !StringUtils.hasLength(resourceName);
      if (this.isDefaultName) {
        resourceName = this.member.getName();
        if (this.member instanceof Method && resourceName.startsWith("set") && resourceName.length() > 3) {
          resourceName = Introspector.decapitalize(resourceName.substring(3));
        }
      }
      else if (beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory){
        resourceName = ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) beanFactory).resolveEmbeddedValue(resourceName);
      }
      if (resourceType != null && !Object.class.equals(resourceType)) {
        checkResourceType(resourceType);
      }
      else {
        // No resource type specified... check field/method.
        resourceType = getResourceType();
      }
      this.name = resourceName;
      this.lookupType = resourceType;
      this.mappedName = resource.mappedName();
      this.shareable = resource.shareable();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object getResourceToInject(Object target, String requestingBeanName) {
      return getResource(this, requestingBeanName);
    }
  }


  /**
   * Class representing injection information about an annotated field
   * or setter method, supporting the @WebServiceRef annotation.
   */
  private class WebServiceRefElement extends LookupElement {

    private Class<?> elementType;

    private String wsdlLocation;

    public WebServiceRefElement(Member member, PropertyDescriptor pd) {
      super(member, pd);
    }

    @Override
    protected void initAnnotation(AnnotatedElement ae) {
      WebServiceRef resource = ae.getAnnotation(WebServiceRef.class);
      String resourceName = resource.name();
      Class<?> resourceType = resource.type();
      this.isDefaultName = !StringUtils.hasLength(resourceName);
      if (this.isDefaultName) {
        resourceName = this.member.getName();
        if (this.member instanceof Method && resourceName.startsWith("set") && resourceName.length() > 3) {
          resourceName = Introspector.decapitalize(resourceName.substring(3));
        }
      }
      if (resourceType != null && !Object.class.equals(resourceType)) {
        checkResourceType(resourceType);
      }
      else {
        // No resource type specified... check field/method.
        resourceType = getResourceType();
      }
      this.name = resourceName;
      this.elementType = resourceType;
      if (Service.class.isAssignableFrom(resourceType)) {
        this.lookupType = resourceType;
      }
      else {
        this.lookupType = (!Object.class.equals(resource.value()) ? resource.value() : Service.class);
      }
      this.mappedName = resource.mappedName();
      this.wsdlLocation = resource.wsdlLocation();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object getResourceToInject(Object target, String requestingBeanName) {
      Service service;
      try {
        service = (Service) getResource(this, requestingBeanName);
      }
      catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException notFound) {
        // Service to be created through generated class.
        if (Service.class.equals(this.lookupType)) {
          throw new IllegalStateException("No resource with name '" + this.name + "' found in context, " +
              "and no specific JAX-WS Service subclass specified. The typical solution is to either specify " +
              "a LocalJaxWsServiceFactoryBean with the given name or to specify the (generated) Service " +
              "subclass as @WebServiceRef(...) value.");
        }
        if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.wsdlLocation)) {
          try {
            Constructor<?> ctor = this.lookupType.getConstructor(new Class[] {URL.class, QName.class});
            WebServiceClient clientAnn = this.lookupType.getAnnotation(WebServiceClient.class);
            if (clientAnn == null) {
              throw new IllegalStateException("JAX-WS Service class [" + this.lookupType.getName() +
                  "] does not carry a WebServiceClient annotation");
            }
            service = (Service) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor,
                new URL(this.wsdlLocation), new QName(clientAnn.targetNamespace(), clientAnn.name()));
          }
          catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("JAX-WS Service class [" + this.lookupType.getName() +
                "] does not have a (URL, QName) constructor. Cannot apply specified WSDL location [" +
                this.wsdlLocation + "].");
          }
          catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                "Specified WSDL location [" + this.wsdlLocation + "] isn't a valid URL");
          }
        }
        else {
          service = (Service) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(this.lookupType);
        }
      }
      return service.getPort(this.elementType);
    }
  }


  /**
   * Class representing injection information about an annotated field
   * or setter method, supporting the @EJB annotation.
   */
  private class EjbRefElement extends LookupElement {

    private String beanName;

    public EjbRefElement(Member member, PropertyDescriptor pd) {
      super(member, pd);
    }

    @Override
    protected void initAnnotation(AnnotatedElement ae) {
      EJB resource = ae.getAnnotation(EJB.class);
      String resourceBeanName = resource.beanName();
      String resourceName = resource.name();
      this.isDefaultName = !StringUtils.hasLength(resourceName);
      if (this.isDefaultName) {
        resourceName = this.member.getName();
        if (this.member instanceof Method && resourceName.startsWith("set") && resourceName.length() > 3) {
          resourceName = Introspector.decapitalize(resourceName.substring(3));
        }
      }
      Class<?> resourceType = resource.beanInterface();
      if (resourceType != null && !Object.class.equals(resourceType)) {
        checkResourceType(resourceType);
      }
      else {
        // No resource type specified... check field/method.
        resourceType = getResourceType();
      }
      this.beanName = resourceBeanName;
      this.name = resourceName;
      this.lookupType = resourceType;
      this.mappedName = resource.mappedName();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object getResourceToInject(Object target, String requestingBeanName) {
      if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.beanName)) {
        if (beanFactory != null && beanFactory.containsBean(this.beanName)) {
          // Local match found for explicitly specified local bean name.
          Object bean = beanFactory.getBean(this.beanName, this.lookupType);
          if (beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
            ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) beanFactory).registerDependentBean(this.beanName, requestingBeanName);
          }
          return bean;
        }
        else if (this.isDefaultName && !StringUtils.hasLength(this.mappedName)) {
          throw new NoSuchBeanDefinitionException(this.beanName,
              "Cannot resolve 'beanName' in local BeanFactory. Consider specifying a general 'name' value instead.");
        }
      }
      // JNDI name lookup - may still go to a local BeanFactory.
      return getResource(this, requestingBeanName);
    }
  }


  /**
   * Extension of the DependencyDescriptor class,
   * overriding the dependency type with the specified resource type.
   */
  private static class LookupDependencyDescriptor extends DependencyDescriptor {

    private final Class<?> lookupType;

    public LookupDependencyDescriptor(Field field, Class<?> lookupType) {
      super(field, true);
      this.lookupType = lookupType;
    }

    public LookupDependencyDescriptor(Method method, Class<?> lookupType) {
      super(new MethodParameter(method, 0), true);
      this.lookupType = lookupType;
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getDependencyType() {
      return this.lookupType;
    }
  }

}
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