/*
* DatabaseManager.java
*
* Version: $Revision: 4658 $
*
* Date: $Date: 2010-01-06 21:30:42 +0000 (Wed, 06 Jan 2010) $
*
* Copyright (c) 2002-2005, Hewlett-Packard Company and Massachusetts
* Institute of Technology. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of the Hewlett-Packard Company nor the name of the
* Massachusetts Institute of Technology nor the names of their
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
* TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
* USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
* DAMAGE.
*/
package org.dspace.storage.rdbms;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Driver;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.SQLWarning;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.Time;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.DriverManagerConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDriver;
import org.apache.commons.pool.ObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericKeyedObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericKeyedObjectPoolFactory;
import org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericObjectPool;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.Level;
import org.dspace.core.ConfigurationManager;
import org.dspace.core.Context;
/**
* Executes SQL queries.
*
* @author Peter Breton
* @author Jim Downing
* @version $Revision: 4658 $
*/
public class DatabaseManager
{
/** log4j category */
private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(DatabaseManager.class);
/** True if initialization has been done */
private static boolean initialized = false;
/** Name to use for the pool */
private static String poolName = "dspacepool";
/**
* This regular expression is used to perform sanity checks
* on database names (i.e. tables and columns).
*
* FIXME: Regular expressions can be slow to solve this in the future we should
* probably create a system where we don't pass in column and table names to these low
* level database methods. This approach is highly exploitable for injection
* type attacks because we are unable to determine where the input came from. Instead
* we could pass in static integer constants which are then mapped to their sql name.
*/
private static final Pattern DB_SAFE_NAME = Pattern.compile("^[a-zA-Z_1-9.]+$");
/**
* A map of database column information. The key is the table name, a
* String; the value is an array of ColumnInfo objects.
*/
private static Map info = new HashMap();
/**
* Protected Constructor to prevent instantiation except by derived classes.
*/
protected DatabaseManager()
{
}
/**
* Set the constraint check to deferred (commit time)
*
* @param context
* The context object
* @param constraintName
* the constraint name to deferred
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static void setConstraintDeferred(Context context,
String constraintName) throws SQLException
{
Statement statement = null;
try
{
statement = context.getDBConnection().createStatement();
statement
.execute("SET CONSTRAINTS " + constraintName + " DEFERRED");
statement.close();
}
finally
{
if (statement != null)
{
try
{
statement.close();
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
}
}
}
}
/**
* Set the constraint check to immediate (every query)
*
* @param context
* The context object
* @param constraintName
* the constraint name to check immediately after every query
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static void setConstraintImmediate(Context context,
String constraintName) throws SQLException
{
Statement statement = null;
try
{
statement = context.getDBConnection().createStatement();
statement.execute("SET CONSTRAINTS " + constraintName
+ " IMMEDIATE");
statement.close();
}
finally
{
if (statement != null)
{
try
{
statement.close();
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
}
}
}
}
/**
* Return an iterator with the results of the query. The table parameter
* indicates the type of result. If table is null, the column names are read
* from the ResultSetMetaData.
*
* @param context
* The context object
* @param table
* The name of the table which results
* @param query
* The SQL query
* @param parameters
* A set of SQL parameters to be included in query. The order of
* the parameters must correspond to the order of their reference
* within the query.
* @return A TableRowIterator with the results of the query
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRowIterator queryTable(Context context, String table,
String query, Object... parameters ) throws SQLException
{
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++)
{
if (i > 0)
{
sb.append(",");
}
sb.append(parameters[i].toString());
}
log.debug("Running query \"" + query + "\" with parameters: " + sb.toString());
}
PreparedStatement statement = context.getDBConnection().prepareStatement(query);
try
{
loadParameters(statement,parameters);
TableRowIterator retTRI = new TableRowIterator(statement.executeQuery(),
canonicalize(table));
retTRI.setStatement(statement);
return retTRI;
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
if (statement != null)
try { statement.close(); } catch (SQLException s) { }
throw sqle;
}
}
/**
* Return an iterator with the results of the query.
*
* @param context
* The context object
* @param query
* The SQL query
* @param parameters
* A set of SQL parameters to be included in query. The order of
* the parameters must correspond to the order of their reference
* within the query.
* @return A TableRowIterator with the results of the query
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRowIterator query(Context context, String query,
Object... parameters) throws SQLException
{
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++)
{
if (i > 0)
{
sb.append(",");
}
sb.append(parameters[i].toString());
}
log.debug("Running query \"" + query + "\" with parameters: " + sb.toString());
}
PreparedStatement statement = context.getDBConnection().prepareStatement(query);
try
{
loadParameters(statement,parameters);
TableRowIterator retTRI = new TableRowIterator(statement.executeQuery());
retTRI.setStatement(statement);
return retTRI;
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
if (statement != null)
try { statement.close(); } catch (SQLException s) { }
throw sqle;
}
}
/**
* Return an iterator with the results of executing statement. The table
* parameter indicates the type of result. If table is null, the column
* names are read from the ResultSetMetaData. The context is that of the
* connection which was used to create the statement.
*
* @param statement
* The prepared statement to execute.
* @param table
* The name of the table which results
* @return A TableRowIterator with the results of the query
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRowIterator queryPreparedTable(String table,
PreparedStatement statement) throws SQLException
{
TableRowIterator retTRI = new TableRowIterator(statement.executeQuery(),
canonicalize(table));
retTRI.setStatement(statement);
return retTRI;
}
/**
* Return an iterator with the results of executing statement. The context
* is that of the connection which was used to create the statement.
*
* @param statement
* The prepared statement to execute.
* @return A TableRowIterator with the results of the query
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRowIterator queryPrepared(PreparedStatement statement)
throws SQLException
{
TableRowIterator retTRI = new TableRowIterator(statement.executeQuery());
retTRI.setStatement(statement);
return retTRI;
}
/**
* Return the single row result to this query, or null if no result. If more
* than one row results, only the first is returned.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param query
* The SQL query
* @param parameters
* A set of SQL parameters to be included in query. The order of
* the parameters must correspond to the order of their reference
* within the query.
* @return A TableRow object, or null if no result
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRow querySingle(Context context, String query,
Object... parameters) throws SQLException
{
TableRow retRow = null;
TableRowIterator iterator = null;
try
{
iterator = query(context, query, parameters);
retRow = (!iterator.hasNext()) ? null : iterator.next();
}
finally
{
if (iterator != null)
iterator.close();
}
return (retRow);
}
/**
* Return the single row result to this query, or null if no result. If more
* than one row results, only the first is returned.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param table
* The name of the table which results
* @param query
* The SQL query
* @param parameters
* A set of SQL parameters to be included in query. The order of
* the parameters must correspond to the order of their reference
* within the query.
* @return A TableRow object, or null if no result
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRow querySingleTable(Context context, String table,
String query, Object... parameters) throws SQLException
{
TableRow retRow = null;
TableRowIterator iterator = queryTable(context, canonicalize(table), query, parameters);
try
{
retRow = (!iterator.hasNext()) ? null : iterator.next();
}
finally
{
if (iterator != null)
iterator.close();
}
return (retRow);
}
/**
* Execute an update, insert or delete query. Returns the number of rows
* affected by the query.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param query
* The SQL query to execute
* @param parameters
* A set of SQL parameters to be included in query. The order of
* the parameters must correspond to the order of their reference
* within the query.
* @return The number of rows affected by the query.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static int updateQuery(Context context, String query,
Object... parameters) throws SQLException
{
PreparedStatement statement = null;
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++)
{
if (i > 0)
{
sb.append(",");
}
sb.append(parameters[i].toString());
}
log.debug("Running query \"" + query + "\" with parameters: " + sb.toString());
}
try
{
statement = context.getDBConnection().prepareStatement(query);
loadParameters(statement,parameters);
return statement.executeUpdate();
}
finally
{
if (statement != null)
{
try
{
statement.close();
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
}
}
}
}
/**
* Create a new row in the given table, and assigns a unique id.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param table
* The RDBMS table in which to create the new row
* @return The newly created row
*/
public static TableRow create(Context context, String table)
throws SQLException
{
TableRow row = new TableRow(canonicalize(table), getColumnNames(table));
insert(context, row);
return row;
}
/**
* Find a table row by its primary key. Returns the row, or null if no row
* with that primary key value exists.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param table
* The table in which to find the row
* @param id
* The primary key value
* @return The row resulting from the query, or null if no row with that
* primary key value exists.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRow find(Context context, String table, int id)
throws SQLException
{
String ctable = canonicalize(table);
return findByUnique(context, ctable, getPrimaryKeyColumn(ctable),
new Integer(id));
}
/**
* Find a table row by a unique value. Returns the row, or null if no row
* with that primary key value exists. If multiple rows with the value
* exist, one is returned.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param table
* The table to use to find the object
* @param column
* The name of the unique column
* @param value
* The value of the unique column
* @return The row resulting from the query, or null if no row with that
* value exists.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static TableRow findByUnique(Context context, String table,
String column, Object value) throws SQLException
{
String ctable = canonicalize(table);
if ( ! DB_SAFE_NAME.matcher(ctable).matches())
throw new SQLException("Unable to execute select query because table name ("+ctable+") contains non alphanumeric characters.");
if ( ! DB_SAFE_NAME.matcher(column).matches())
throw new SQLException("Unable to execute select query because column name ("+column+") contains non alphanumeric characters.");
String sql = "select * from " + ctable + " where "+ column +" = ? ";
return querySingleTable(context, ctable, sql, value);
}
/**
* Delete a table row via its primary key. Returns the number of rows
* deleted.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param table
* The table to delete from
* @param id
* The primary key value
* @return The number of rows deleted
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static int delete(Context context, String table, int id)
throws SQLException
{
String ctable = canonicalize(table);
return deleteByValue(context, ctable, getPrimaryKeyColumn(ctable),
new Integer(id));
}
/**
* Delete all table rows with the given value. Returns the number of rows
* deleted.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param table
* The table to delete from
* @param column
* The name of the column
* @param value
* The value of the column
* @return The number of rows deleted
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static int deleteByValue(Context context, String table,
String column, Object value) throws SQLException
{
String ctable = canonicalize(table);
if ( ! DB_SAFE_NAME.matcher(ctable).matches())
throw new SQLException("Unable to execute delete query because table name ("+ctable+") contains non alphanumeric characters.");
if ( ! DB_SAFE_NAME.matcher(column).matches())
throw new SQLException("Unable to execute delete query because column name ("+column+") contains non alphanumeric characters.");
String sql = "delete from "+ctable+" where "+column+" = ? ";
return updateQuery(context, sql, value);
}
/**
* Obtain an RDBMS connection.
*
* @return A new database connection.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs, or a connection cannot be
* obtained.
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException
{
initialize();
return DriverManager
.getConnection("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:" + poolName);
}
/**
* Release resources associated with this connection.
*
* @param c
* The connection to release
*/
public static void freeConnection(Connection c)
{
try
{
if (c != null)
{
c.close();
}
}
catch (SQLException e)
{
log.warn(e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Create a table row object that can be passed into the insert method, not
* commonly used unless the table has a referential integrity constraint.
*
* @param table
* The RDBMS table in which to create the new row
* @return The newly created row
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static TableRow row(String table) throws SQLException
{
return new TableRow(canonicalize(table), getColumnNames(table));
}
/**
* Insert a table row into the RDBMS.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param row
* The row to insert
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static void insert(Context context, TableRow row)
throws SQLException
{
int newID = -1;
String table = canonicalize(row.getTable());
Statement statement = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try
{
// Get an ID (primary key) for this row by using the "getnextid"
// SQL function in Postgres, or directly with sequences in Oracle
String myQuery = "SELECT getnextid('" + table + "') AS result";
if ("oracle".equals(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.name")))
{
myQuery = "SELECT " + table + "_seq" + ".nextval FROM dual";
}
statement = context.getDBConnection().createStatement();
rs = statement.executeQuery(myQuery);
rs.next();
newID = rs.getInt(1);
}
finally
{
if (rs != null)
{
try { rs.close(); } catch (SQLException sqle) { }
}
if (statement != null)
{
try { statement.close(); } catch (SQLException sqle) { }
}
}
if (newID < 0)
throw new SQLException("Unable to retrieve sequence ID");
// Set the ID in the table row object
row.setColumn(getPrimaryKeyColumn(table), newID);
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer().append("INSERT INTO ").append(
table).append(" ( ");
ColumnInfo[] info = getColumnInfo(table);
for (int i = 0; i < info.length; i++)
{
sql.append((i == 0) ? "" : ",").append(info[i].getName());
}
sql.append(") VALUES ( ");
// Values to insert
for (int i = 0; i < info.length; i++)
{
sql.append((i == 0) ? "" : ",").append("?");
}
// Watch the syntax
sql.append(")");
execute(context.getDBConnection(), sql.toString(), Arrays.asList(info),
row);
}
/**
* Update changes to the RDBMS. Note that if the update fails, the values in
* the row will NOT be reverted.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param row
* The row to update
* @return The number of rows affected (1 or 0)
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static int update(Context context, TableRow row) throws SQLException
{
String table = canonicalize(row.getTable());
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer().append("update ").append(table)
.append(" set ");
List columns = new ArrayList();
ColumnInfo pk = getPrimaryKeyColumnInfo(table);
ColumnInfo[] info = getNonPrimaryKeyColumns(table);
String seperator = "";
for (int i = 0; i < info.length; i++)
{
// Only update this column if it has changed
if (row.hasColumnChanged(info[i].getName()))
{
sql.append(seperator).append(info[i].getName()).append(" = ?");
columns.add(info[i]);
seperator = ", ";
}
}
// Only execute the update if there is anything to update
if (columns.size() > 0)
{
sql.append(" where ").append(pk.getName()).append(" = ?");
columns.add(pk);
return execute(context.getDBConnection(), sql.toString(), columns, row);
}
return 1;
}
/**
* Delete row from the RDBMS.
*
* @param context
* Current DSpace context
* @param row
* The row to delete
* @return The number of rows affected (1 or 0)
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static int delete(Context context, TableRow row) throws SQLException
{
String pk = getPrimaryKeyColumn(row);
if (row.isColumnNull(pk))
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Primary key value is null");
}
return delete(context, row.getTable(), row.getIntColumn(pk));
}
/**
* Return metadata about a table.
*
* @param table
* The name of the table
* @return An array of ColumnInfo objects
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
static ColumnInfo[] getColumnInfo(String table) throws SQLException
{
Map cinfo = getColumnInfoInternal(table);
if (cinfo == null)
{
return null;
}
Collection info = cinfo.values();
return (ColumnInfo[]) info.toArray(new ColumnInfo[info.size()]);
}
/**
* Return info about column in table.
*
* @param table
* The name of the table
* @param column
* The name of the column
* @return Information about the column
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
static ColumnInfo getColumnInfo(String table, String column)
throws SQLException
{
Map info = getColumnInfoInternal(table);
return (info == null) ? null : (ColumnInfo) info.get(column);
}
/**
* Return all the columns which are not primary keys.
*
* @param table
* The name of the table
* @return All the columns which are not primary keys, as an array of
* ColumnInfo objects
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
static ColumnInfo[] getNonPrimaryKeyColumns(String table)
throws SQLException
{
String pk = getPrimaryKeyColumn(table);
ColumnInfo[] info = getColumnInfo(table);
ColumnInfo[] results = new ColumnInfo[info.length - 1];
int rcount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < info.length; i++)
{
if (!pk.equals(info[i].getName()))
{
results[rcount++] = info[i];
}
}
return results;
}
/**
* Return the names of all the columns of the given table.
*
* @param table
* The name of the table
* @return The names of all the columns of the given table, as a List. Each
* element of the list is a String.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
protected static List getColumnNames(String table) throws SQLException
{
List results = new ArrayList();
ColumnInfo[] info = getColumnInfo(table);
for (int i = 0; i < info.length; i++)
{
results.add(info[i].getName());
}
return results;
}
/**
* Return the names of all the columns of the ResultSet.
*
* @param meta
* The ResultSetMetaData
* @return The names of all the columns of the given table, as a List. Each
* element of the list is a String.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
protected static List getColumnNames(ResultSetMetaData meta)
throws SQLException
{
List results = new ArrayList();
int columns = meta.getColumnCount();
for (int i = 0; i < columns; i++)
{
results.add(meta.getColumnLabel(i + 1));
}
return results;
}
/**
* Return the canonical name for a table.
*
* @param table
* The name of the table.
* @return The canonical name of the table.
*/
static String canonicalize(String table)
{
// Oracle expects upper-case table names
if ("oracle".equals(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.name")))
{
return (table == null) ? null : table.toUpperCase();
}
// default database postgres wants lower-case table names
return (table == null) ? null : table.toLowerCase();
}
////////////////////////////////////////
// SQL loading methods
////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Load SQL into the RDBMS.
*
* @param sql
* The SQL to load.
* throws SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static void loadSql(String sql) throws SQLException
{
try
{
loadSql(new StringReader(sql));
}
catch (IOException ioe)
{
}
}
/**
* Load SQL from a reader into the RDBMS.
*
* @param r
* The Reader from which to read the SQL.
* @throws SQLException
* If a database error occurs
* @throws IOException
* If an error occurs obtaining data from the reader
*/
public static void loadSql(Reader r) throws SQLException, IOException
{
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(r);
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer();
String SQL = null;
String line = null;
Connection connection = null;
Statement statement = null;
try
{
connection = getConnection();
connection.setAutoCommit(true);
statement = connection.createStatement();
boolean inquote = false;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
// Look for comments
int commentStart = line.indexOf("--");
String input = (commentStart != -1) ? line.substring(0,
commentStart) : line;
// Empty line, skip
if (input.trim().equals(""))
{
continue;
}
// Put it on the SQL buffer
sql.append(input.replace(';', ' ')); // remove all semicolons
// from sql file!
// Add a space
sql.append(" ");
// More to come?
// Look for quotes
int index = 0;
int count = 0;
int inputlen = input.length();
while ((index = input.indexOf("'", count)) != -1)
{
// Flip the value of inquote
inquote = !inquote;
// Move the index
count = index + 1;
// Make sure we do not exceed the string length
if (count >= inputlen)
{
break;
}
}
// If we are in a quote, keep going
// Note that this is STILL a simple heuristic that is not
// guaranteed to be correct
if (inquote)
{
continue;
}
int endMarker = input.indexOf(";", index);
if (endMarker == -1)
{
continue;
}
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
log.debug("Running database query \"" + sql + "\"");
}
SQL = sql.toString();
try
{
// Use execute, not executeQuery (which expects results) or
// executeUpdate
boolean succeeded = statement.execute(SQL);
}
catch (SQLWarning sqlw)
{
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
log.debug("Got SQL Warning: " + sqlw, sqlw);
}
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
String msg = "Got SQL Exception: " + sqle;
String sqlmessage = sqle.getMessage();
// These are Postgres-isms:
// There's no easy way to check if a table exists before
// creating it, so we always drop tables, then create them
boolean isDrop = ((SQL != null) && (sqlmessage != null)
&& (SQL.toUpperCase().startsWith("DROP")) && (sqlmessage
.indexOf("does not exist") != -1));
// Creating a view causes a bogus warning
boolean isNoResults = ((SQL != null)
&& (sqlmessage != null)
&& ((SQL.toUpperCase().startsWith("CREATE VIEW")) || (SQL
.toUpperCase()
.startsWith("CREATE FUNCTION"))) && (sqlmessage
.indexOf("No results were returned") != -1));
// If the messages are bogus, give them a low priority
if (isDrop || isNoResults)
{
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
log.debug(msg, sqle);
}
}
// Otherwise, we need to know!
else
{
if (log.isEnabledFor(Level.WARN))
{
log.warn(msg, sqle);
}
}
}
// Reset SQL buffer
sql = new StringBuffer();
SQL = null;
}
}
finally
{
if (connection != null)
{
connection.close();
}
if (statement != null)
{
statement.close();
}
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////
// Helper methods
////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Convert the current row in a ResultSet into a TableRow object.
*
* @param results
* A ResultSet to process
* @param table
* The name of the table
* @return A TableRow object with the data from the ResultSet
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
static TableRow process(ResultSet results, String table)
throws SQLException
{
String dbName =ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.name");
ResultSetMetaData meta = results.getMetaData();
int columns = meta.getColumnCount() + 1;
List columnNames = (table == null) ? getColumnNames(meta)
: getColumnNames(table);
TableRow row = new TableRow(canonicalize(table), columnNames);
// Process the columns in order
// (This ensures maximum backwards compatibility with
// old JDBC drivers)
for (int i = 1; i < columns; i++)
{
String name = meta.getColumnName(i);
int jdbctype = meta.getColumnType(i);
if (jdbctype == Types.BIT)
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getBoolean(i));
}
else if ((jdbctype == Types.INTEGER) || (jdbctype == Types.NUMERIC)
|| (jdbctype == Types.DECIMAL))
{
// If we are using oracle
if ("oracle".equals(dbName))
{
// Test the value from the record set. If it can be represented using an int, do so.
// Otherwise, store it as long
long longValue = results.getLong(i);
if (longValue <= (long)Integer.MAX_VALUE)
row.setColumn(name, (int)longValue);
else
row.setColumn(name, longValue);
}
else
row.setColumn(name, results.getInt(i));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.BIGINT)
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getLong(i));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.DOUBLE)
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getDouble(i));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.CLOB && "oracle".equals(dbName))
{
// Support CLOBs in place of TEXT columns in Oracle
row.setColumn(name, results.getString(i));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.VARCHAR)
{
try
{
byte[] bytes = results.getBytes(i);
if (bytes != null)
{
String mystring = new String(results.getBytes(i),
"UTF-8");
row.setColumn(name, mystring);
}
else
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getString(i));
}
}
catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
{
// do nothing, UTF-8 is built in!
}
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.DATE)
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getDate(i));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.TIME)
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getTime(i));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.TIMESTAMP)
{
row.setColumn(name, results.getTimestamp(i));
}
else
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported JDBC type: "
+ jdbctype);
}
if (results.wasNull())
{
row.setColumnNull(name);
}
}
// Now that we've prepped the TableRow, reset the flags so that we can detect which columns have changed
row.resetChanged();
return row;
}
/**
* Return the name of the primary key column. We assume there's only one
* primary key per table; if there are more, only the first one will be
* returned.
*
* @param row
* The TableRow to return the primary key for.
* @return The name of the primary key column, or null if the row has no
* primary key.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
public static String getPrimaryKeyColumn(TableRow row) throws SQLException
{
return getPrimaryKeyColumn(row.getTable());
}
/**
* Return the name of the primary key column in the given table. We assume
* there's only one primary key per table; if there are more, only the first
* one will be returned.
*
* @param table
* The name of the RDBMS table
* @return The name of the primary key column, or null if the table has no
* primary key.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
protected static String getPrimaryKeyColumn(String table)
throws SQLException
{
ColumnInfo info = getPrimaryKeyColumnInfo(table);
return (info == null) ? null : info.getName();
}
/**
* Return column information for the primary key column, or null if the
* table has no primary key. We assume there's only one primary key per
* table; if there are more, only the first one will be returned.
*
* @param table
* The name of the RDBMS table
* @return A ColumnInfo object, or null if the table has no primary key.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
static ColumnInfo getPrimaryKeyColumnInfo(String table) throws SQLException
{
ColumnInfo[] cinfo = getColumnInfo(canonicalize(table));
for (int i = 0; i < cinfo.length; i++)
{
ColumnInfo info = cinfo[i];
if (info.isPrimaryKey())
{
return info;
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Execute SQL as a PreparedStatement on Connection. Bind parameters in
* columns to the values in the table row before executing.
*
* @param connection
* The SQL connection
* @param sql
* The query to execute
* @param columns
* The columns to bind
* @param row
* The row
* @return The number of rows affected by the query.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
private static int execute(Connection connection, String sql, List columns,
TableRow row) throws SQLException
{
String dbName =ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.name");
PreparedStatement statement = null;
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
log.debug("Running query \"" + sql + "\"");
}
try
{
statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
int count = 0;
for (Iterator iterator = columns.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
{
count++;
ColumnInfo info = (ColumnInfo) iterator.next();
String column = info.getName();
int jdbctype = info.getType();
if (row.isColumnNull(column))
{
statement.setNull(count, jdbctype);
continue;
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.BIT)
{
statement.setBoolean(count, row.getBooleanColumn(column));
continue;
}
else if ((jdbctype == Types.INTEGER) || (jdbctype == Types.NUMERIC)
|| (jdbctype == Types.DECIMAL))
{
// If we are using Oracle, we can pass in long values, so always do so.
if ("oracle".equals(dbName))
statement.setLong(count, row.getLongColumn(column));
else
statement.setInt(count, row.getIntColumn(column));
continue;
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.BIGINT)
{
statement.setLong(count, row.getLongColumn(column));
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.CLOB && "oracle".equals(dbName))
{
// Support CLOBs in place of TEXT columns in Oracle
statement.setString(count, row.getStringColumn(column));
continue;
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.VARCHAR)
{
statement.setString(count, row.getStringColumn(column));
continue;
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.DATE)
{
java.sql.Date d = new java.sql.Date(row.getDateColumn(
column).getTime());
statement.setDate(count, d);
continue;
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.TIME)
{
Time t = new Time(row.getDateColumn(column).getTime());
statement.setTime(count, t);
continue;
}
else if (jdbctype == Types.TIMESTAMP)
{
Timestamp t = new Timestamp(row.getDateColumn(column)
.getTime());
statement.setTimestamp(count, t);
continue;
}
else
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Unsupported JDBC type: " + jdbctype);
}
}
return statement.executeUpdate();
}
finally
{
if (statement != null)
{
try
{
statement.close();
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
}
}
}
}
/**
* Return metadata about a table.
*
* @param table
* The name of the table
* @return An map of info.
* @exception SQLException
* If a database error occurs
*/
private static Map getColumnInfoInternal(String table) throws SQLException
{
String ctable = canonicalize(table);
Map results = (Map) info.get(ctable);
if (results != null)
{
return results;
}
results = retrieveColumnInfo(ctable);
info.put(ctable, results);
return results;
}
/**
* Read metadata about a table from the database.
*
* @param table
* The RDBMS table.
* @return A map of information about the columns. The key is the name of
* the column, a String; the value is a ColumnInfo object.
* @exception SQLException
* If there is a problem retrieving information from the
* RDBMS.
*/
private static Map retrieveColumnInfo(String table) throws SQLException
{
Connection connection = null;
ResultSet pkcolumns = null;
ResultSet columns = null;
try
{
String schema = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.schema");
String catalog = null;
int dotIndex = table.indexOf(".");
if (dotIndex > 0)
{
catalog = table.substring(0, dotIndex);
table = table.substring(dotIndex + 1, table.length());
log.warn("catalog: " + catalog);
log.warn("table: " + table);
}
connection = getConnection();
DatabaseMetaData metadata = connection.getMetaData();
HashMap results = new HashMap();
int max = metadata.getMaxTableNameLength();
String tname = (table.length() >= max) ? table
.substring(0, max - 1) : table;
pkcolumns = metadata.getPrimaryKeys(catalog, schema, tname);
Set pks = new HashSet();
while (pkcolumns.next())
pks.add(pkcolumns.getString(4));
columns = metadata.getColumns(catalog, schema, tname, null);
while (columns.next())
{
String column = columns.getString(4);
ColumnInfo cinfo = new ColumnInfo();
cinfo.setName(column);
cinfo.setType((int) columns.getShort(5));
if (pks.contains(column))
{
cinfo.setIsPrimaryKey(true);
}
results.put(column, cinfo);
}
return results;
}
finally
{
if (pkcolumns != null)
{
try { pkcolumns.close(); } catch (SQLException sqle) { }
}
if (columns != null)
{
try { columns.close(); } catch (SQLException sqle) { }
}
if (connection != null)
{
try { connection.close(); } catch (SQLException sqle) { }
}
}
}
/**
* Provide a means for a (web) application to cleanly terminate the connection pool.
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static synchronized void shutdown() throws SQLException
{
if (initialized)
{
initialized = false;
// Get the registered DBCP pooling driver
PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver)DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
// Close the named pool
if (driver != null)
driver.closePool(poolName);
}
}
/**
* Initialize the DatabaseManager.
*/
private static synchronized void initialize() throws SQLException
{
if (initialized)
{
return;
}
try
{
// Register basic JDBC driver
Class.forName(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.driver"));
// Register the DBCP driver
Class.forName("org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDriver");
// Read pool configuration parameter or use defaults
// Note we check to see if property is null; getIntProperty returns
// '0' if the property is not set OR if it is actually set to zero.
// But 0 is a valid option...
int maxConnections = ConfigurationManager
.getIntProperty("db.maxconnections");
if (ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.maxconnections") == null)
{
maxConnections = 30;
}
int maxWait = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("db.maxwait");
if (ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.maxwait") == null)
{
maxWait = 5000;
}
int maxIdle = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("db.maxidle");
if (ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.maxidle") == null)
{
maxIdle = -1;
}
boolean useStatementPool = ConfigurationManager.getBooleanProperty("db.statementpool",true);
// Create object pool
ObjectPool connectionPool = new GenericObjectPool(null, // PoolableObjectFactory
// - set below
maxConnections, // max connections
GenericObjectPool.WHEN_EXHAUSTED_BLOCK, maxWait, // don't
// block
// more than 5
// seconds
maxIdle, // max idle connections (unlimited)
true, // validate when we borrow connections from pool
false // don't bother validation returned connections
);
// ConnectionFactory the pool will use to create connections.
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new DriverManagerConnectionFactory(
ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.url"),
ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.username"),
ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.password"));
//
// Now we'll create the PoolableConnectionFactory, which wraps
// the "real" Connections created by the ConnectionFactory with
// the classes that implement the pooling functionality.
//
String validationQuery = "SELECT 1";
// Oracle has a slightly different validation query
if ("oracle".equals(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.name")))
{
validationQuery = "SELECT 1 FROM DUAL";
}
GenericKeyedObjectPoolFactory statementFactory = null;
if (useStatementPool)
{
// The statement Pool is used to pool prepared statements.
GenericKeyedObjectPool.Config statementFactoryConfig = new GenericKeyedObjectPool.Config();
// Just grow the pool size when needed.
//
// This means we will never block when attempting to
// create a query. The problem is unclosed statements,
// they can never be reused. So if we place a maximum
// cap on them, then we might reach a condition where
// a page can only be viewed X number of times. The
// downside of GROW_WHEN_EXHAUSTED is that this may
// allow a memory leak to exist. Both options are bad,
// but I'd prefer a memory leak over a failure.
//
// FIXME: Perhaps this decision should be derived from config parameters?
statementFactoryConfig.whenExhaustedAction = GenericObjectPool.WHEN_EXHAUSTED_GROW;
statementFactory = new GenericKeyedObjectPoolFactory(null,statementFactoryConfig);
}
PoolableConnectionFactory poolableConnectionFactory = new PoolableConnectionFactory(
connectionFactory, connectionPool, statementFactory,
validationQuery, // validation query
false, // read only is not default for now
false); // Autocommit defaults to none
// Obtain a poolName from the config, default is "dspacepool"
if (ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.poolname") != null)
{
poolName = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.poolname");
}
//
// Finally, we get the PoolingDriver itself...
//
PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver)DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
//
// ...and register our pool with it.
//
if (driver != null)
driver.registerPool(poolName, connectionPool);
// Old SimplePool init
//DriverManager.registerDriver(new SimplePool());
initialized = true;
}
catch (SQLException se)
{
// Simply throw up SQLExceptions
throw se;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
// Need to be able to catch other exceptions. Pretend they are
// SQLExceptions, but do log
log.warn("Exception initializing DB pool", e);
throw new SQLException(e.toString());
}
}
/**
* Iterate over the given parameters and add them to the given prepared statement.
* Only a select number of datatypes are supported by the JDBC driver.
*
* @param statement
* The unparameterized statement.
* @param parameters
* The parameters to be set on the statement.
*/
protected static void loadParameters(PreparedStatement statement, Object[] parameters)
throws SQLException{
statement.clearParameters();
for(int i=0; i < parameters.length; i++)
{
// Select the object we are setting.
Object parameter = parameters[i];
int idx = i+1; // JDBC starts counting at 1.
if (parameter == null)
{
throw new SQLException("Attempting to insert null value into SQL query.");
}
if (parameter instanceof String)
{
statement.setString(idx,(String) parameters[i]);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Integer)
{
int ii = ((Integer) parameter).intValue();
statement.setInt(idx,ii);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Double)
{
double d = ((Double) parameter).doubleValue();
statement.setDouble(idx,d);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Float)
{
float f = ((Float) parameter).floatValue();
statement.setFloat(idx,f);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Short)
{
short s = ((Short) parameter).shortValue();
statement.setShort(idx,s);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Long)
{
long l = ((Long) parameter).longValue();
statement.setLong(idx,l);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Date)
{
Date date = (Date) parameter;
statement.setDate(idx,date);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Time)
{
Time time = (Time) parameter;
statement.setTime(idx,time);
}
else if (parameter instanceof Timestamp)
{
Timestamp timestamp = (Timestamp) parameter;
statement.setTimestamp(idx,timestamp);
}
else
{
throw new SQLException("Attempting to insert unknown datatype ("+parameter.getClass().getName()+") into SQL statement.");
}
}
}
/**
* Main method used to perform tests on the database
*
* @param args The command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Get something from dspace.cfg to get the log lines out the way
String url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.url");
// Try to connect to the database
System.out.println("\nAttempting to connect to database: ");
System.out.println(" - URL: " + url);
System.out.println(" - Driver: " + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.driver"));
System.out.println(" - Username: " + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.username"));
System.out.println(" - Password: " + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.password"));
System.out.println(" - Schema: " + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("db.schema"));
System.out.println("\nTesting connection...");
try
{
Connection connection = DatabaseManager.getConnection();
}
catch (SQLException sqle)
{
System.err.println("\nError: ");
System.err.println(" - " + sqle);
System.err.println("\nPlease see the DSpace documentation for assistance.\n");
System.exit(1);
}
System.out.println("Connected succesfully!\n");
}
}
/**
* Represents a column in an RDBMS table.
*/
class ColumnInfo
{
/** The name of the column */
private String name;
/** The JDBC type of the column */
private int type;
/** True if this column is a primary key */
private boolean isPrimaryKey;
/**
* Constructor
*/
ColumnInfo()
{
}
/**
* Constructor
*/
ColumnInfo(String name, int type)
{
this.name = name;
this.type = type;
}
/**
* Return the column name.
*
* @return - The column name
*/
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
/**
* Set the column name
*
* @param v -
* The column name
*/
void setName(String v)
{
name = v;
}
/**
* Return the JDBC type. This is one of the constants from java.sql.Types.
*
* @return - The JDBC type
* @see java.sql.Types
*/
public int getType()
{
return type;
}
/**
* Set the JDBC type. This should be one of the constants from
* java.sql.Types.
*
* @param v -
* The JDBC type
* @see java.sql.Types
*/
void setType(int v)
{
type = v;
}
/**
* Return true if this column is a primary key.
*
* @return True if this column is a primary key, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean isPrimaryKey()
{
return isPrimaryKey;
}
/**
* Set whether this column is a primary key.
*
* @param v
* True if this column is a primary key.
*/
void setIsPrimaryKey(boolean v)
{
this.isPrimaryKey = v;
}
/*
* Return true if this object is equal to other, false otherwise.
*
* @return True if this object is equal to other, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean equals(Object other)
{
if (!(other instanceof ColumnInfo))
{
return false;
}
ColumnInfo theOther = (ColumnInfo) other;
return ((name != null) ? name.equals(theOther.name)
: (theOther.name == null))
&& (type == theOther.type)
&& (isPrimaryKey == theOther.isPrimaryKey);
}
/*
* Return a hashCode for this object.
*
* @return A hashcode for this object.
*/
public int hashCode()
{
return new StringBuffer().append(name).append(type)
.append(isPrimaryKey).toString().hashCode();
}
}