package org.dspace.harvest;
/*
* OAIHarvester.java
*
* Version: $Revision: 1 $
*
* Date: $Date: 2008-08-13 12:26:50 -0500 (Wed, 13 Aug 2008) $
*
* Copyright (c) 2002-2005, Hewlett-Packard Company and Massachusetts
* Institute of Technology. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of the Hewlett-Packard Company nor the name of the
* Massachusetts Institute of Technology nor the names of their
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
* TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
* USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
* DAMAGE.
*/
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
import org.dspace.content.Bitstream;
import org.dspace.content.BitstreamFormat;
import org.dspace.content.Bundle;
import org.dspace.content.Collection;
import org.dspace.content.DCDate;
import org.dspace.content.DCValue;
import org.dspace.content.DSpaceObject;
import org.dspace.content.FormatIdentifier;
import org.dspace.content.InstallItem;
import org.dspace.content.Item;
import org.dspace.content.MetadataField;
import org.dspace.content.MetadataSchema;
import org.dspace.content.NonUniqueMetadataException;
import org.dspace.content.WorkspaceItem;
import org.dspace.harvest.OAIHarvester.HarvestingException;
import org.dspace.content.crosswalk.CrosswalkException;
import org.dspace.content.crosswalk.IngestionCrosswalk;
import org.dspace.core.ConfigurationManager;
import org.dspace.core.Constants;
import org.dspace.core.Context;
import org.dspace.core.Email;
import org.dspace.core.I18nUtil;
import org.dspace.core.PluginManager;
import org.dspace.core.Utils;
import org.dspace.eperson.EPerson;
import org.dspace.handle.HandleManager;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.Namespace;
import org.jdom.input.DOMBuilder;
import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import ORG.oclc.oai.harvester2.verb.GetRecord;
import ORG.oclc.oai.harvester2.verb.Identify;
import ORG.oclc.oai.harvester2.verb.ListMetadataFormats;
import ORG.oclc.oai.harvester2.verb.ListRecords;
import ORG.oclc.oai.harvester2.verb.ListSets;
/**
* This class handles OAI harvesting of externaly located records into this repository.
*
* @author Alexey Maslov
*/
public class OAIHarvester {
/* The main harvesting thread */
private static HarvestScheduler harvester;
private static Thread mainHarvestThread;
/** log4j category */
private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(OAIHarvester.class);
private static final Namespace ATOM_NS = Namespace.getNamespace("http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom");
private static final Namespace ORE_NS = Namespace.getNamespace("http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/");
private static final Namespace OAI_NS = Namespace.getNamespace("http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/");
public static final String OAI_ADDRESS_ERROR = "invalidAddress";
public static final String OAI_SET_ERROR = "noSuchSet";
public static final String OAI_DMD_ERROR = "metadataNotSupported";
public static final String OAI_ORE_ERROR = "oreNotSupported";
// The collection this harvester instance is dealing with
Collection targetCollection;
HarvestedCollection harvestRow;
// our context
Context ourContext;
// Namespace used by the ORE serialization format
// Set in dspace.cfg as harvester.oai.oreSerializationFormat.{ORESeialKey} = {ORESeialNS}
private Namespace ORESeialNS;
private String ORESeialKey;
// Namespace of the descriptive metadata that should be harvested in addition to the ORE
// Set in dspace.cfg as harvester.oai.metadataformats.{MetadataKey} = {MetadataNS},{Display Name}
private Namespace metadataNS;
private String metadataKey;
// DOMbuilder class for the DOM -> JDOM conversions
private static DOMBuilder db = new DOMBuilder();
// The point at which this thread should terminate itself
private Date expirationTime;
/* Initialize the harvester with a collection object */
public OAIHarvester(Context c, DSpaceObject dso, HarvestedCollection hc) throws HarvestingException, SQLException
{
if (dso.getType() != Constants.COLLECTION)
throw new HarvestingException("OAIHarvester can only harvest collections");
ourContext = c;
targetCollection = (Collection)dso;
harvestRow = hc;
if (harvestRow == null || !harvestRow.isHarvestable())
throw new HarvestingException("Provided collection is not set up for harvesting");
// Set the ORE options
Namespace ORESerializationNamespace = OAIHarvester.getORENamespace();
if (ORESerializationNamespace == null) {
log.error("No ORE serialization namespace declared; see dspace.cfg option \"harvester.oai.oreSerializationFormat.{ORESeialKey} = {ORESeialNS}\"");
throw new HarvestingException("No ORE serialization namespace specified");
} else {
ORESeialNS = Namespace.getNamespace(ORESerializationNamespace.getURI());
ORESeialKey = ORESerializationNamespace.getPrefix();
}
// Set the metadata options
metadataKey = harvestRow.getHarvestMetadataConfig();
metadataNS = OAIHarvester.getDMDNamespace(metadataKey);
if (metadataNS == null) {
log.error("No matching metadata namespace found for \"" + metadataKey + "\", see dspace.cfg option \"harvester.oai.metadataformats.{MetadataKey} = {MetadataNS},{Display Name}\"");
throw new HarvestingException("Metadata declaration not found");
}
}
/**
* Search the configuration options and find the ORE serializaition string
* @return Namespace of the supported ORE format. Returns null if not found.
*/
private static Namespace getORENamespace() {
String ORESerializationString = null;
String ORESeialKey = null;
String oreString = "harvester.oai.oreSerializationFormat.";
Enumeration pe = ConfigurationManager.propertyNames();
while (pe.hasMoreElements())
{
String key = (String)pe.nextElement();
if (key.startsWith(oreString)) {
ORESeialKey = key.substring(oreString.length());
ORESerializationString = ConfigurationManager.getProperty(key);
Namespace ORENS = Namespace.getNamespace(ORESeialKey, ORESerializationString);
return ORENS;
}
}
// Fallback if the configuration option is not present
return Namespace.getNamespace("ore", ATOM_NS.getURI());
}
/**
* Cycle through the options and find the metadata namespace matching the provided key.
* @param metadataKey
* @return Namespace of the designated metadata format. Returns null of not found.
*/
private static Namespace getDMDNamespace(String metadataKey) {
String metadataString = null;
String metaString = "harvester.oai.metadataformats.";
Enumeration pe = ConfigurationManager.propertyNames();
while (pe.hasMoreElements())
{
String key = (String)pe.nextElement();
if (key.startsWith(metaString) && key.substring(metaString.length()).equals((metadataKey))) {
metadataString = ConfigurationManager.getProperty(key);
String namespacePiece;
if (metadataString.indexOf(',') != -1)
namespacePiece = metadataString.substring(0, metadataString.indexOf(','));
else
namespacePiece = metadataString;
return Namespace.getNamespace(namespacePiece);
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Performs a harvest cycle on this collection. This will query the remote OAI-PMH provider, check for updates since last
* harvest, and ingest the returned items.
*/
public void runHarvest() throws SQLException, IOException, AuthorizeException
{
// figure out the relevant parameters
String oaiSource = harvestRow.getOaiSource();
String oaiSetId = harvestRow.getOaiSetId();
//If we have all selected then make sure that we do not include a set filter
if("all".equals(oaiSetId))
oaiSetId = null;
Date lastHarvestDate = harvestRow.getHarvestDate();
String fromDate = null;
if (lastHarvestDate != null)
fromDate = processDate(harvestRow.getHarvestDate());
Date startTime = new Date();
String toDate = processDate(startTime,0);
String dateGranularity;
try
{
// obtain the desired descriptive metadata format and verify that the OAI server actually provides it
// do the same thing for ORE, which should be encoded in Atom and carry its namespace
String descMDPrefix = null;
String OREPrefix;
try {
dateGranularity = OAIGetDateGranularity(oaiSource);
if (fromDate != null)
fromDate = fromDate.substring(0, dateGranularity.length());
toDate = toDate.substring(0, dateGranularity.length());
descMDPrefix = OAIResolveNamespaceToPrefix(oaiSource, metadataNS.getURI());
OREPrefix = OAIResolveNamespaceToPrefix(oaiSource, ORESeialNS.getURI());
}
catch (FileNotFoundException fe) {
log.error("The OAI server did not respond.");
throw new HarvestingException("The OAI server did not respond.");
}
catch (ConnectException fe) {
log.error("The OAI server did not respond.");
throw new HarvestingException("The OAI server did not respond.");
}
if (descMDPrefix == null) {
log.error("The OAI server does not support this metadata format");
throw new HarvestingException("The OAI server does not support this metadata format: " + metadataNS.getURI());
}
if (OREPrefix == null && harvestRow.getHarvestType() != HarvestedCollection.TYPE_DMD) {
throw new HarvestingException("The OAI server does not support ORE dissemination in the configured serialization format: " + ORESeialNS.getURI());
}
Document oaiResponse = null;
Element root = null;
String resumptionToken;
// set the status indicating the collection is currently being processed
harvestRow.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_BUSY);
harvestRow.setHarvestMessage("Collection is currently being harvested");
harvestRow.setHarvestStartTime(startTime);
harvestRow.update();
ourContext.commit();
// expiration timer starts
int expirationInterval = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("harvester.threadTimeout");
if (expirationInterval == 0) expirationInterval = 24;
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(startTime);
calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR, expirationInterval);
expirationTime = calendar.getTime();
// main loop to keep requesting more objects until we're done
List<Element> records;
Set<String> errorSet = new HashSet<String>();
ListRecords listRecords = new ListRecords(oaiSource, fromDate, toDate, oaiSetId, descMDPrefix);
log.debug("Harvesting request parameters: listRecords " + oaiSource + " " + fromDate + " " + toDate + " " + oaiSetId + " " + descMDPrefix);
if (listRecords != null)
log.info("HTTP Request: " + listRecords.getRequestURL());
while (listRecords != null)
{
records = new ArrayList<Element>();
oaiResponse = db.build(listRecords.getDocument());
if (listRecords.getErrors() != null && listRecords.getErrors().getLength() > 0)
{
for (int i=0; i<listRecords.getErrors().getLength(); i++)
{
String errorCode = listRecords.getErrors().item(i).getAttributes().getNamedItem("code").getTextContent();
errorSet.add(errorCode);
}
if (errorSet.contains("noRecordsMatch"))
{
log.info("noRecordsMatch: OAI server did not contain any updates");
harvestRow.setHarvestResult(new Date(), "OAI server did not contain any updates");
harvestRow.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_READY);
harvestRow.update();
return;
} else {
throw new HarvestingException(errorSet.toString());
}
}
else
{
root = oaiResponse.getRootElement();
records.addAll(root.getChild("ListRecords", OAI_NS).getChildren("record", OAI_NS));
}
// Process the obtained records
if (records != null && records.size()>0)
{
log.info("Found " + records.size() + " records to process");
for (Element record : records) {
// check for STOP interrupt from the scheduler
if (HarvestScheduler.interrupt == HarvestScheduler.HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP)
throw new HarvestingException("Harvest process for " + targetCollection.getID() + " interrupted by stopping the scheduler.");
// check for timeout
if (expirationTime.before(new Date()))
throw new HarvestingException("runHarvest method timed out for collection " + targetCollection.getID());
processRecord(record,OREPrefix);
ourContext.commit();
}
}
// keep going if there are more records to process
resumptionToken = listRecords.getResumptionToken();
if (resumptionToken == null || resumptionToken.length() == 0) {
listRecords = null;
}
else {
listRecords = new ListRecords(oaiSource, resumptionToken);
}
targetCollection.update();
ourContext.commit();
}
}
catch (HarvestingException hex) {
log.error("Harvesting error occured while processing an OAI record: " + hex.getMessage());
harvestRow.setHarvestMessage("Error occured while processing an OAI record");
// if the last status is also an error, alert the admin
if (harvestRow.getHarvestMessage().contains("Error")) {
alertAdmin(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_OAI_ERROR, hex);
}
harvestRow.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_OAI_ERROR);
return;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
harvestRow.setHarvestMessage("Unknown error occured while generating an OAI response");
harvestRow.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR);
alertAdmin(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR, ex);
log.error("Error occured while generating an OAI response: " + ex.getMessage() + " " + ex.getCause());
ex.printStackTrace();
return;
}
finally {
harvestRow.update();
targetCollection.update();
ourContext.commit();
ourContext.restoreAuthSystemState();
}
// If we got to this point, it means the harvest was completely succeful
Date finishTime = new Date();
long timeTaken = finishTime.getTime() - startTime.getTime();
harvestRow.setHarvestResult(startTime, "Harvest from " + oaiSource + " sucessful");
harvestRow.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_READY);
log.info("Harvest from " + oaiSource + " sucessful. The process took " + timeTaken + " milliseconds.");
harvestRow.update();
ourContext.commit();
}
/**
* Process an individual PMH record, making (or updating) a corresponding DSpace Item.
* @param record a JDOM Element containing the actual PMH record with descriptive metadata.
* @param OREPrefix the metadataprefix value used by the remote PMH server to disseminate ORE. Only used for collections set up to harvest content.
*/
private void processRecord(Element record, String OREPrefix) throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException, CrosswalkException, HarvestingException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, TransformerException
{
WorkspaceItem wi = null;
Date timeStart = new Date();
// grab the oai identifier
String itemOaiID = record.getChild("header", OAI_NS).getChild("identifier", OAI_NS).getText();
Element header = record.getChild("header",OAI_NS);
// look up the item corresponsing to the OAI identifier
Item item = HarvestedItem.getItemByOAIId(ourContext, itemOaiID, targetCollection.getID());
// Make sure the item hasn't been deleted in the mean time
if (header.getAttribute("status") != null && header.getAttribute("status").getValue().equals("deleted")) {
log.info("Item " + itemOaiID + " has been marked as deleted on the OAI server.");
if (item != null)
targetCollection.removeItem(item);
ourContext.restoreAuthSystemState();
return;
}
// If we are only harvesting descriptive metadata, the record should already contain all we need
List<Element> descMD = record.getChild("metadata", OAI_NS).getChildren();
IngestionCrosswalk MDxwalk = (IngestionCrosswalk)PluginManager.getNamedPlugin(IngestionCrosswalk.class, this.metadataKey);
// Otherwise, obtain the ORE ReM and initiate the ORE crosswalk
IngestionCrosswalk ORExwalk = null;
Element oreREM = null;
if (harvestRow.getHarvestType() > 1) {
oreREM = getMDrecord(harvestRow.getOaiSource(), itemOaiID, OREPrefix).get(0);
ORExwalk = (IngestionCrosswalk)PluginManager.getNamedPlugin(IngestionCrosswalk.class, this.ORESeialKey);
}
// Ignore authorization
ourContext.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
HarvestedItem hi;
if (item != null) // found an item so we modify
{
log.debug("Item " + item.getHandle() + " was found locally. Using it to harvest " + itemOaiID + ".");
// FIXME: check for null pointer if for some odd reason we don't have a matching hi
hi = HarvestedItem.find(ourContext, item.getID());
// Comprate last-harvest on the item versus the last time the item was updated on the OAI provider side
// If ours is more recent, forgo this item, since it's probably a left-over from a previous harvesting attempt
Date OAIDatestamp = Utils.parseISO8601Date(header.getChildText("datestamp", OAI_NS));
Date itemLastHarvest = hi.getHarvestDate();
if (itemLastHarvest != null && OAIDatestamp.before(itemLastHarvest)) {
log.info("Item " + item.getHandle() + " was harvested more recently than the last update time reporetd by the OAI server; skipping.");
return;
}
// Otherwise, clear and re-import the metadata and bitstreams
item.clearMetadata(Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY);
if (descMD.size() == 1)
MDxwalk.ingest(ourContext, item, descMD.get(0));
else
MDxwalk.ingest(ourContext, item, descMD);
// Import the actual bitstreams
if (harvestRow.getHarvestType() == 3) {
log.info("Running ORE ingest on: " + item.getHandle());
Bundle[] allBundles = item.getBundles();
for (Bundle bundle : allBundles) {
item.removeBundle(bundle);
}
ORExwalk.ingest(ourContext, item, oreREM);
}
scrubMetadata(item);
}
else
// NOTE: did not find, so we create (presumably, there will never be a case where an item already
// exists in a harvest collection but does not have an OAI_id)
{
wi = WorkspaceItem.create(ourContext, targetCollection, false);
item = wi.getItem();
hi = HarvestedItem.create(ourContext, item.getID(), itemOaiID);
//item.setOaiID(itemOaiID);
if (descMD.size() == 1)
MDxwalk.ingest(ourContext, item, descMD.get(0));
else
MDxwalk.ingest(ourContext, item, descMD);
if (harvestRow.getHarvestType() == 3) {
ORExwalk.ingest(ourContext, item, oreREM);
}
// see if we can do something about the wonky metadata
scrubMetadata(item);
// see if a handle can be exracted for the item
String handle = extractHandle(item);
if (handle != null)
{
DSpaceObject dso = HandleManager.resolveToObject(ourContext, handle);
if (dso != null)
throw new HarvestingException("Handle collision: attempted to re-assign handle '" + handle + "' to an incoming harvested item '" + hi.getOaiID() + "'.");
}
try {
item = InstallItem.installItem(ourContext, wi, handle);
//item = InstallItem.installItem(ourContext, wi);
}
// clean up the workspace item if something goes wrong before
catch(SQLException se) {
wi.deleteWrapper();
throw se;
}
catch(IOException ioe) {
wi.deleteWrapper();
throw ioe;
}
catch(AuthorizeException ae) {
wi.deleteWrapper();
throw ae;
}
}
// Now create the special ORE bundle and drop the ORE document in it
if (harvestRow.getHarvestType() == 2 || harvestRow.getHarvestType() == 3)
{
Bundle OREBundle = item.createBundle("ORE");
XMLOutputter outputter = new XMLOutputter();
String OREString = outputter.outputString(oreREM);
ByteArrayInputStream OREStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(OREString.getBytes());
Bitstream OREBitstream = OREBundle.createBitstream(OREStream);
OREBitstream.setName("ORE.xml");
BitstreamFormat bf = FormatIdentifier.guessFormat(ourContext, OREBitstream);
OREBitstream.setFormat(bf);
OREBitstream.update();
OREBundle.addBitstream(OREBitstream);
OREBundle.update();
}
//item.setHarvestDate(new Date());
hi.setHarvestDate(new Date());
// Add provenance that this item was harvested via OAI
String provenanceMsg = "Item created via OAI harvest from source: "
+ this.harvestRow.getOaiSource() + " on " + new DCDate(hi.getHarvestDate())
+ " (GMT). Item's OAI Record identifier: " + hi.getOaiID();
item.addMetadata("dc", "description", "provenance", "en", provenanceMsg);
item.update();
hi.update();
long timeTaken = new Date().getTime() - timeStart.getTime();
log.info("Item " + item.getHandle() + "(" + item.getID() + ")" + " has been ingested. The whole process took: " + timeTaken + " ms. ");
// Un-ignore authorization
ourContext.restoreAuthSystemState();
}
/**
* Scan an item's metadata, looking for the value "identifier.*". If it meets the parameters that identify it as valid handle
* as set in dspace.cfg (harvester.acceptedHandleServer and harvester.rejectedHandlePrefix), use that handle instead of
* minting a new one.
* @param item a newly created, but not yet installed, DSpace Item
* @return null or the handle to be used.
*/
private String extractHandle(Item item)
{
String acceptedHandleServersString = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("harvester.acceptedHandleServer");
if (acceptedHandleServersString == null) acceptedHandleServersString = "hdl.handle.net";
String rejectedHandlePrefixString = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("harvester.rejectedHandlePrefix");
if (rejectedHandlePrefixString == null) rejectedHandlePrefixString = "123456789";
DCValue[] values = item.getMetadata("dc", "identifier", Item.ANY, Item.ANY);
if (values.length > 0 && !acceptedHandleServersString.equals(""))
{
String[] acceptedHandleServers = acceptedHandleServersString.split(",");
String[] rejectedHandlePrefixes = rejectedHandlePrefixString.split(",");
for (DCValue value : values)
{
// 0 1 2 3 4
// http://hdl.handle.net/1234/12
String[] urlPieces = value.value.split("/");
if (urlPieces.length != 5)
continue;
for (String server : acceptedHandleServers) {
if (urlPieces[2].equals(server)) {
for (String prefix : rejectedHandlePrefixes) {
if (!urlPieces[3].equals(prefix))
return urlPieces[3] + "/" + urlPieces[4];
}
}
}
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Scans an item's newly ingested metadata for elements not defined in this DSpace instance. It then takes action based
* on a configurable parameter (fail, ignore, add).
* @param item a DSpace item recently pushed through an ingestion crosswalk but prior to update/installation
*/
private void scrubMetadata(Item item) throws SQLException, HarvestingException, AuthorizeException, IOException
{
// The two options, with three possibilities each: add, ignore, fail
String schemaChoice = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("harvester.unknownSchema");
if (schemaChoice == null) schemaChoice = "fail";
String fieldChoice = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("harvester.unknownField");
if (fieldChoice == null) fieldChoice = "fail";
List<String> clearList = new ArrayList<String>();
DCValue[] values = item.getMetadata(Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY);
for (DCValue value : values)
{
// Verify that the schema exists
MetadataSchema mdSchema = MetadataSchema.find(ourContext, value.schema);
if (mdSchema == null && !clearList.contains(value.schema)) {
// add a new schema, giving it a namespace of "unknown". Possibly a very bad idea.
if (schemaChoice.equals("add")) {
mdSchema = new MetadataSchema(value.schema,String.valueOf(new Date().getTime()));
try {
mdSchema.create(ourContext);
mdSchema.setName(value.schema);
mdSchema.setNamespace("unknown"+mdSchema.getSchemaID());
mdSchema.update(ourContext);
} catch (NonUniqueMetadataException e) {
// This case should not be possible
e.printStackTrace();
}
clearList.add(value.schema);
}
// ignore the offending schema, quietly dropping all of it's metadata elements before they clog our gears
else if (schemaChoice.equals("ignore")) {
item.clearMetadata(value.schema, Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY);
continue;
}
// otherwise, go ahead and generate the error
else {
throw new HarvestingException("The '" + value.schema + "' schema has not been defined in this DSpace instance. ");
}
}
// Verify that the element exists; this part is reachable only if the metadata schema is valid
MetadataField mdField = MetadataField.findByElement(ourContext, mdSchema.getSchemaID(), value.element, value.qualifier);
if (mdField == null) {
if (fieldChoice.equals("add")) {
mdField = new MetadataField(mdSchema, value.element, value.qualifier, null);
try {
mdField.create(ourContext);
mdField.update(ourContext);
} catch (NonUniqueMetadataException e) {
// This case should also not be possible
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
else if (fieldChoice.equals("ignore")) {
item.clearMetadata(value.schema, value.element, value.qualifier, Item.ANY);
}
else {
throw new HarvestingException("The '" + value.element + "." + value.qualifier + "' element has not been defined in this DSpace instance. ");
}
}
}
return;
}
/**
* Process a date, converting it to RFC3339 format, setting the timezone to UTC and subtracting time padding
* from the config file.
* @param date source Date
* @return a string in the format 'yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ' and converted to UTC timezone
*/
private String processDate(Date date) {
Integer timePad = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("harvester.timePadding");
if (timePad == 0) {
timePad = 120;
}
return processDate(date, timePad);
}
/**
* Process a date, converting it to RFC3339 format, setting the timezone to UTC and subtracting time padding
* from the config file.
* @param date source Date
* @param secondsPad number of seconds to subtract from the date
* @return a string in the format 'yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ' and converted to UTC timezone
*/
private String processDate(Date date, int secondsPad) {
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'");
formatter.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(date);
calendar.add(Calendar.SECOND, -1*secondsPad);
date = calendar.getTime();
return formatter.format(date);
}
/**
* Query OAI-PMH server for the granularity of its datestamps.
* @throws TransformerException
* @throws SAXException
* @throws ParserConfigurationException
* @throws IOException
*/
private String OAIGetDateGranularity(String oaiSource) throws IOException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, TransformerException
{
Identify iden = new Identify(oaiSource);
return iden.getDocument().getElementsByTagNameNS(OAI_NS.getURI(), "granularity").item(0).getTextContent();
}
/**
* Query the OAI-PMH server for its mapping of the supplied namespace and metadata prefix.
* For example for a typical OAI-PMH server a query "http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" would return "oai_dc".
* @param oaiSource the address of the OAI-PMH provider
* @param MDNamespace the namespace that we are trying to resove to the metadataPrefix
* @return metadataPrefix the OAI-PMH provider has assigned to the supplied namespace
*/
public static String OAIResolveNamespaceToPrefix(String oaiSource, String MDNamespace) throws IOException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, TransformerException, ConnectException
{
String metaPrefix = null;
// Query the OAI server for the metadata
ListMetadataFormats lmf = new ListMetadataFormats(oaiSource);
if (lmf != null) {
Document lmfResponse = db.build(lmf.getDocument());
List<Element> mdFormats = lmfResponse.getRootElement().getChild("ListMetadataFormats", OAI_NS).getChildren("metadataFormat", OAI_NS);
for (Element mdFormat : mdFormats) {
if (MDNamespace.equals(mdFormat.getChildText("metadataNamespace", OAI_NS)))
{
metaPrefix = mdFormat.getChildText("metadataPrefix", OAI_NS);
break;
}
}
}
return metaPrefix;
}
/**
* Generate and send an email to the administrator. Prompted by errors encountered during harvesting.
* @param status the current status of the collection, usually HarvestedCollection.STATUS_OAI_ERROR or HarvestedCollection.STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR
* @param ex the Exception that prompted this action
*/
private void alertAdmin(int status, Exception ex)
{
try {
String recipient = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("alert.recipient");
if (recipient != null) {
Email email = ConfigurationManager.getEmail(I18nUtil.getEmailFilename(Locale.getDefault(), "harvesting_error"));
email.addRecipient(recipient);
email.addArgument(targetCollection.getID());
email.addArgument(new Date());
email.addArgument(status);
email.addArgument(ex.getMessage());
String stackTrace;
if (ex != null) {
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
ex.printStackTrace(pw);
pw.flush();
stackTrace = sw.toString();
} else {
stackTrace = "No exception";
}
email.addArgument(stackTrace);
email.send();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.warn("Unable to send email alert", e);
}
}
/**
* Query the OAI-PMH provider for a specific metadata record.
* @param oaiSource the address of the OAI-PMH provider
* @param itemOaiId the OAI identifier of the target item
* @param metadataPrefix the OAI metadataPrefix of the desired metadata
* @return list of JDOM elements corresponding to the metadata entries in the located record.
*/
private List<Element> getMDrecord(String oaiSource, String itemOaiId, String metadataPrefix) throws IOException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, TransformerException, HarvestingException
{
GetRecord getRecord = new GetRecord(oaiSource,itemOaiId,metadataPrefix);
Set<String> errorSet = new HashSet<String>();
// If the metadata is not available for this item, can the whole thing
if (getRecord != null && getRecord.getErrors() != null && getRecord.getErrors().getLength() > 0) {
for (int i=0; i<getRecord.getErrors().getLength(); i++) {
String errorCode = getRecord.getErrors().item(i).getAttributes().getNamedItem("code").getTextContent();
errorSet.add(errorCode);
}
throw new HarvestingException("OAI server returned the following errors during getDescMD execution: " + errorSet.toString());
}
Document record = db.build(getRecord.getDocument());
Element root = record.getRootElement();
return root.getChild("GetRecord",OAI_NS).getChild("record", OAI_NS).getChild("metadata",OAI_NS).getChildren();
}
/**
* Verify OAI settings for the current collection
* @return list of errors encountered during verification. Empty list indicates a "success" condition.
*/
public List<String> verifyOAIharvester() {
String oaiSource = harvestRow.getOaiSource();
String oaiSetId = harvestRow.getOaiSetId();
String metaPrefix = harvestRow.getHarvestMetadataConfig();
return verifyOAIharvester(oaiSource, oaiSetId, metaPrefix, true);
}
/**
* Verify the existance of an OAI server with the specified set and supporting the provided metadata formats.
* @param oaiSource the address of the OAI-PMH provider
* @param oaiSetId
* @param metaPrefix
* @param testORE whether the method should also check the PMH provider for ORE support
* @return list of errors encountered during verification. Empty list indicates a "success" condition.
*/
public static List<String> verifyOAIharvester(String oaiSource, String oaiSetId, String metaPrefix, boolean testORE)
{
List<String> errorSet = new ArrayList<String>();
// First, make sure the metadata we need is supported by the target server
Namespace ORE_NS = OAIHarvester.getORENamespace();
String OREOAIPrefix = null;
Namespace DMD_NS = OAIHarvester.getDMDNamespace(metaPrefix);
String DMDOAIPrefix = null;
try {
Identify idenTest = new Identify(oaiSource);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
errorSet.add(OAI_ADDRESS_ERROR + ": OAI server could not be reached.");
return errorSet;
}
try {
OREOAIPrefix = OAIHarvester.OAIResolveNamespaceToPrefix(oaiSource, ORE_NS.getURI());
DMDOAIPrefix = OAIHarvester.OAIResolveNamespaceToPrefix(oaiSource, DMD_NS.getURI());
}
catch (Exception ex) {
errorSet.add(OAI_ADDRESS_ERROR + ": OAI did not respond to ListMetadataFormats query (" + ORE_NS.getPrefix() + ":" + OREOAIPrefix + " ; " +
DMD_NS.getPrefix() + ":" + DMDOAIPrefix + ")");
return errorSet;
}
if (testORE && OREOAIPrefix == null)
errorSet.add(OAI_ORE_ERROR + ": The OAI server does not support ORE dissemination");
if (DMDOAIPrefix == null)
errorSet.add(OAI_DMD_ERROR + ": The OAI server does not support dissemination in this format");
// Now scan the sets and make sure the one supplied is in the list
boolean foundSet = false;
try {
//If we do not want to harvest from one set, then skip this.
if(!"all".equals(oaiSetId)){
ListSets ls = new ListSets(oaiSource);
// The only error we can really get here is "noSetHierarchy"
if (ls.getErrors() != null && ls.getErrors().getLength() > 0) {
for (int i=0; i<ls.getErrors().getLength(); i++) {
String errorCode = ls.getErrors().item(i).getAttributes().getNamedItem("code").getTextContent();
errorSet.add(errorCode);
}
}
else {
// Drilling down to /OAI-PMH/ListSets/set
Document reply = db.build(ls.getDocument());
Element root = reply.getRootElement();
List<Element> sets= root.getChild("ListSets",OAI_NS).getChildren("set",OAI_NS);
for (Element set : sets)
{
String setSpec = set.getChildText("setSpec", OAI_NS);
if (setSpec.equals(oaiSetId)) {
foundSet = true;
break;
}
}
if (!foundSet) {
errorSet.add(OAI_SET_ERROR + ": The OAI server does not have a set with the specified setSpec");
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex) {
errorSet.add(OAI_ADDRESS_ERROR + ": OAI server could not be reached");
return errorSet;
}
return errorSet;
}
/**
* Start harvest scheduler.
*/
public static void startNewScheduler() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
Context c = new Context();
HarvestedCollection.exists(c);
c.complete();
if (mainHarvestThread != null && harvester != null) {
stopScheduler();
}
harvester = new HarvestScheduler();
HarvestScheduler.interrupt = HarvestScheduler.HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE;
mainHarvestThread = new Thread(harvester);
mainHarvestThread.start();
}
/**
* Stop an active harvest scheduler.
*/
public static void stopScheduler() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
synchronized(HarvestScheduler.lock) {
HarvestScheduler.interrupt = HarvestScheduler.HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP;
HarvestScheduler.lock.notify();
}
mainHarvestThread = null;
harvester = null;
}
/**
* Pause an active harvest scheduler.
*/
public static void pauseScheduler() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
synchronized(HarvestScheduler.lock) {
HarvestScheduler.interrupt = HarvestScheduler.HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_PAUSE;
HarvestScheduler.lock.notify();
}
}
/**
* Resume a paused harvest scheduler.
*/
public static void resumeScheduler() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
HarvestScheduler.interrupt = HarvestScheduler.HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_RESUME;
}
public static void resetScheduler() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
Context context = new Context();
List<Integer> cids = HarvestedCollection.findAll(context);
for (Integer cid : cids)
{
HarvestedCollection hc = HarvestedCollection.find(context, cid);
hc.setHarvestStartTime(null);
hc.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_READY);
hc.update();
}
context.commit();
}
/**
* Exception class specifically assigned to recoverable errors that occur during harvesting. Throughout the harvest process, various exceptions
* are caught and turned into a HarvestingException. Uncaught exceptions are irrecoverable errors.
* @author alexey
*/
public class HarvestingException extends Exception
{
public HarvestingException() {
super();
}
public HarvestingException(String message, Throwable t) {
super(message, t);
}
public HarvestingException(String message) {
super(message);
}
public HarvestingException(Throwable t) {
super(t);
}
}
/**
* The class responsible for scheduling harvesting cycles are regular intervals.
* @author alexey
*/
public static class HarvestScheduler implements Runnable
{
static EPerson harvestAdmin;
static Context mainContext;
public static Object lock = new Object();
private static Stack<HarvestThread> harvestThreads;
private static Integer maxActiveThreads;
protected volatile static Integer activeThreads = 0;
public static final int HARVESTER_STATUS_RUNNING = 1;
public static final int HARVESTER_STATUS_SLEEPING = 2;
public static final int HARVESTER_STATUS_PAUSED = 3;
public static final int HARVESTER_STATUS_STOPPED = 4;
public static final int HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE = 0;
public static final int HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_PAUSE = 1;
public static final int HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP = 2;
public static final int HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_RESUME = 3;
public static final int HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_INSERT_THREAD = 4;
public static final int HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_KILL_THREAD = 5;
public static Integer status = HARVESTER_STATUS_STOPPED;
public static Integer interrupt = HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE;
public static Integer interruptValue = 0;
private static long minHeartbeat;
private static long maxHeartbeat;
public static String getStatus() {
switch(status) {
case HARVESTER_STATUS_RUNNING:
switch(interrupt) {
case HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_PAUSE: return("The scheduler is finishing active harvests before pausing. ");
case HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP: return("The scheduler is shutting down. ");
}
return("The scheduler is actively harvesting collections. ");
case HARVESTER_STATUS_SLEEPING: return("The scheduler is waiting for collections to harvest. ");
case HARVESTER_STATUS_PAUSED: return("The scheduler is paused. ");
default: return("Automatic harvesting is not active. ");
}
}
public HarvestScheduler() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
mainContext = new Context();
String harvestAdminParam = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("harvester.eperson");
harvestAdmin = null;
if (harvestAdminParam != null && harvestAdminParam.length() > 0)
harvestAdmin = EPerson.findByEmail(mainContext, harvestAdminParam);
harvestThreads = new Stack<HarvestThread>();
maxActiveThreads = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("harvester.maxThreads");
if (maxActiveThreads == 0) maxActiveThreads = 3;
minHeartbeat = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("harvester.minHeartbeat") * 1000;
if (minHeartbeat == 0) minHeartbeat = 30000;
maxHeartbeat = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("harvester.maxHeartbeat") * 1000;
if (maxHeartbeat == 0) maxHeartbeat = 3600000;
}
public void run() {
scheduleLoop();
}
private void scheduleLoop() {
long i=0;
while(true)
{
try
{
synchronized(interrupt) {
switch (interrupt)
{
case HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE:
break;
case HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_INSERT_THREAD:
interrupt = HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE;
addThread(interruptValue);
interruptValue = 0;
break;
case HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_PAUSE:
interrupt = HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE;
synchronized(status) {
status = HARVESTER_STATUS_PAUSED;
}
while(interrupt != HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_RESUME && interrupt != HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
if (interrupt != HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP)
break;
case HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_STOP:
interrupt = HARVESTER_INTERRUPT_NONE;
status = HARVESTER_STATUS_STOPPED;
return;
}
}
status = HARVESTER_STATUS_RUNNING;
// Stage #1: if something is ready for harvest, push it onto the ready stack, mark it as "queued"
mainContext = new Context();
List<Integer> cids = HarvestedCollection.findReady(mainContext);
log.info("Collections ready for immediate harvest: " + cids.toString());
for (Integer cid : cids) {
addThread(cid);
}
// Stage #2: start up all the threads currently in the queue up to the maximum number
while (!harvestThreads.isEmpty()) {
synchronized(activeThreads) {
activeThreads++;
}
Thread activeThread = new Thread(harvestThreads.pop());
activeThread.start();
log.info("Thread started: " + activeThread.toString());
/* Wait while the number of threads running is greater than or equal to max */
while (activeThreads >= maxActiveThreads) {
/* Wait a second */
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
// Finally, wait for the last few remaining threads to finish
// TODO: this step might be unnecessary. Theoretically a single very long harvest process
// could then lock out all the other ones from starting on their next iteration.
// FIXME: also, this might lead to a situation when a single thread getting stuck without
// throwing an exception would shut down the whole scheduler
while (activeThreads != 0) {
/* Wait a second */
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
// Commit everything
try {
mainContext.commit();
mainContext.complete();
log.info("Done with iteration " + i);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
mainContext.abort();
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Exception on iteration: " + i);
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Stage #3: figure out how long until the next iteration and wait
try {
Context tempContext = new Context();
int nextCollectionId = HarvestedCollection.findOldestHarvest(tempContext);
HarvestedCollection hc = HarvestedCollection.find(tempContext, nextCollectionId);
int harvestInterval = ConfigurationManager.getIntProperty("harvester.harvestFrequency");
if (harvestInterval == 0) harvestInterval = 720;
Date nextTime;
long nextHarvest = 0;
if (hc != null) {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(hc.getHarvestDate());
calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, harvestInterval);
nextTime = calendar.getTime();
nextHarvest = nextTime.getTime() + - new Date().getTime();
}
long upperBound = Math.min(nextHarvest,maxHeartbeat);
long delay = Math.max(upperBound, minHeartbeat) + 1000;
tempContext.complete();
status = HARVESTER_STATUS_SLEEPING;
synchronized(lock) {
lock.wait(delay);
}
}
catch (InterruptedException ie) {
log.warn("Interrupt: " + ie.getMessage());
}
catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
i++;
}
}
/**
* Adds a thread to the ready stack. Can also be called externally to queue up a collection
* for harvesting before it is "due" for another cycle. This allows starting a harvest process
* from the UI that still "plays nice" with these thread mechanics instead of making an
* asynchronous call to runHarvest().
*/
public static void addThread(int collecionID) throws SQLException, IOException, AuthorizeException {
log.debug("****** Entered the addThread method. Active threads: " + harvestThreads.toString());
Context subContext = new Context();
//subContext.setCurrentUser(harvestAdmin);
HarvestedCollection hc = HarvestedCollection.find(subContext, collecionID);
hc.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_QUEUED);
hc.update();
subContext.commit();
HarvestThread ht = new HarvestThread(subContext, hc);
harvestThreads.push(ht);
log.debug("****** Queued up a thread. Active threads: " + harvestThreads.toString());
log.info("Thread queued up: " + ht.toString());
}
}
/**
* A harvester thread used to execute a single harvest cycle on a collection
* @author alexey
*/
private static class HarvestThread extends Thread {
Context context;
HarvestedCollection hc;
HarvestThread(Context context, HarvestedCollection hc) throws SQLException {
this.context = context;
this.hc = hc;
}
public void run() {
log.info("Thread for collection " + hc.getCollectionId() + " starts.");
runHarvest();
}
private void runHarvest()
{
Collection dso = null;
try {
dso = Collection.find(context, hc.getCollectionId());
OAIHarvester harvester = new OAIHarvester(context, dso, hc);
harvester.runHarvest();
} catch (Exception ex) {
log.error("General exception in thread: " + this.toString());
log.error(ex.getMessage() + " " + ex.getCause());
hc.setHarvestMessage("Error occured while generating an OAI response");
hc.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR);
}
catch (Throwable t) {
log.error("Runtime exception in thread: " + this.toString());
log.error(t.getMessage() + " " + t.getCause());
hc.setHarvestMessage("Runtime error occured while generating an OAI response");
hc.setHarvestStatus(HarvestedCollection.STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR);
}
finally
{
try {
hc.update();
context.restoreAuthSystemState();
context.complete();
}
catch (Throwable t) {
log.error("Unexpected exception while recovering from a harvesting error: " + t.getMessage());
t.printStackTrace();
context.abort();
}
synchronized (HarvestScheduler.activeThreads) {
HarvestScheduler.activeThreads--;
}
}
log.info("Thread for collection " + hc.getCollectionId() + " completes.");
}
}
}