/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha;
import static org.apache.hadoop.util.Time.monotonicNow;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.ha.ServiceFailedException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HAUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.CheckpointConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NNStorage.NameNodeFile;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SaveNamespaceCancelledException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.TransferFsImage;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.util.Canceler;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.SecurityUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ThreadFactoryBuilder;
/**
* Thread which runs inside the NN when it's in Standby state,
* periodically waking up to take a checkpoint of the namespace.
* When it takes a checkpoint, it saves it to its local
* storage and then uploads it to the remote NameNode.
*/
@InterfaceAudience.Private
public class StandbyCheckpointer {
private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(StandbyCheckpointer.class);
private static final long PREVENT_AFTER_CANCEL_MS = 2*60*1000L;
private final CheckpointConf checkpointConf;
private final Configuration conf;
private final FSNamesystem namesystem;
private long lastCheckpointTime;
private final CheckpointerThread thread;
private final ThreadFactory uploadThreadFactory;
private URL activeNNAddress;
private URL myNNAddress;
private final Object cancelLock = new Object();
private Canceler canceler;
// Keep track of how many checkpoints were canceled.
// This is for use in tests.
private static int canceledCount = 0;
public StandbyCheckpointer(Configuration conf, FSNamesystem ns)
throws IOException {
this.namesystem = ns;
this.conf = conf;
this.checkpointConf = new CheckpointConf(conf);
this.thread = new CheckpointerThread();
this.uploadThreadFactory = new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setDaemon(true)
.setNameFormat("TransferFsImageUpload-%d").build();
setNameNodeAddresses(conf);
}
/**
* Determine the address of the NN we are checkpointing
* as well as our own HTTP address from the configuration.
* @throws IOException
*/
private void setNameNodeAddresses(Configuration conf) throws IOException {
// Look up our own address.
myNNAddress = getHttpAddress(conf);
// Look up the active node's address
Configuration confForActive = HAUtil.getConfForOtherNode(conf);
activeNNAddress = getHttpAddress(confForActive);
// Sanity-check.
Preconditions.checkArgument(checkAddress(activeNNAddress),
"Bad address for active NN: %s", activeNNAddress);
Preconditions.checkArgument(checkAddress(myNNAddress),
"Bad address for standby NN: %s", myNNAddress);
}
private URL getHttpAddress(Configuration conf) throws IOException {
final String scheme = DFSUtil.getHttpClientScheme(conf);
String defaultHost = NameNode.getServiceAddress(conf, true).getHostName();
URI addr = DFSUtil.getInfoServerWithDefaultHost(defaultHost, conf, scheme);
return addr.toURL();
}
/**
* Ensure that the given address is valid and has a port
* specified.
*/
private static boolean checkAddress(URL addr) {
return addr.getPort() != 0;
}
public void start() {
LOG.info("Starting standby checkpoint thread...\n" +
"Checkpointing active NN at " + activeNNAddress + "\n" +
"Serving checkpoints at " + myNNAddress);
thread.start();
}
public void stop() throws IOException {
cancelAndPreventCheckpoints("Stopping checkpointer");
thread.setShouldRun(false);
thread.interrupt();
try {
thread.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
LOG.warn("Edit log tailer thread exited with an exception");
throw new IOException(e);
}
}
public void triggerRollbackCheckpoint() {
thread.interrupt();
}
private void doCheckpoint() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
assert canceler != null;
final long txid;
final NameNodeFile imageType;
namesystem.longReadLockInterruptibly();
try {
assert namesystem.getEditLog().isOpenForRead() :
"Standby Checkpointer should only attempt a checkpoint when " +
"NN is in standby mode, but the edit logs are in an unexpected state";
FSImage img = namesystem.getFSImage();
long prevCheckpointTxId = img.getStorage().getMostRecentCheckpointTxId();
long thisCheckpointTxId = img.getLastAppliedOrWrittenTxId();
assert thisCheckpointTxId >= prevCheckpointTxId;
if (thisCheckpointTxId == prevCheckpointTxId) {
LOG.info("A checkpoint was triggered but the Standby Node has not " +
"received any transactions since the last checkpoint at txid " +
thisCheckpointTxId + ". Skipping...");
return;
}
if (namesystem.isRollingUpgrade()
&& !namesystem.getFSImage().hasRollbackFSImage()) {
// if we will do rolling upgrade but have not created the rollback image
// yet, name this checkpoint as fsimage_rollback
imageType = NameNodeFile.IMAGE_ROLLBACK;
} else {
imageType = NameNodeFile.IMAGE;
}
img.saveNamespace(namesystem, imageType, canceler);
txid = img.getStorage().getMostRecentCheckpointTxId();
assert txid == thisCheckpointTxId : "expected to save checkpoint at txid=" +
thisCheckpointTxId + " but instead saved at txid=" + txid;
// Save the legacy OIV image, if the output dir is defined.
String outputDir = checkpointConf.getLegacyOivImageDir();
if (outputDir != null && !outputDir.isEmpty()) {
img.saveLegacyOIVImage(namesystem, outputDir, canceler);
}
} finally {
namesystem.longReadUnlock();
}
// Upload the saved checkpoint back to the active
// Do this in a separate thread to avoid blocking transition to active
// See HDFS-4816
ExecutorService executor =
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(uploadThreadFactory);
Future<Void> upload = executor.submit(new Callable<Void>() {
@Override
public Void call() throws IOException {
TransferFsImage.uploadImageFromStorage(activeNNAddress, conf,
namesystem.getFSImage().getStorage(), imageType, txid, canceler);
return null;
}
});
executor.shutdown();
try {
upload.get();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// The background thread may be blocked waiting in the throttler, so
// interrupt it.
upload.cancel(true);
throw e;
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
throw new IOException("Exception during image upload: " + e.getMessage(),
e.getCause());
}
}
/**
* Cancel any checkpoint that's currently being made,
* and prevent any new checkpoints from starting for the next
* minute or so.
*/
public void cancelAndPreventCheckpoints(String msg) throws ServiceFailedException {
thread.preventCheckpointsFor(PREVENT_AFTER_CANCEL_MS);
synchronized (cancelLock) {
// Before beginning a checkpoint, the checkpointer thread
// takes this lock, and creates a canceler object.
// If the canceler is non-null, then a checkpoint is in
// progress and we need to cancel it. If it's null, then
// the operation has not started, meaning that the above
// time-based prevention will take effect.
if (canceler != null) {
canceler.cancel(msg);
}
}
}
@VisibleForTesting
static int getCanceledCount() {
return canceledCount;
}
private long countUncheckpointedTxns() {
FSImage img = namesystem.getFSImage();
return img.getLastAppliedOrWrittenTxId() -
img.getStorage().getMostRecentCheckpointTxId();
}
private class CheckpointerThread extends Thread {
private volatile boolean shouldRun = true;
private volatile long preventCheckpointsUntil = 0;
private CheckpointerThread() {
super("Standby State Checkpointer");
}
private void setShouldRun(boolean shouldRun) {
this.shouldRun = shouldRun;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// We have to make sure we're logged in as far as JAAS
// is concerned, in order to use kerberized SSL properly.
SecurityUtil.doAsLoginUserOrFatal(
new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
@Override
public Object run() {
doWork();
return null;
}
});
}
/**
* Prevent checkpoints from occurring for some time period
* in the future. This is used when preparing to enter active
* mode. We need to not only cancel any concurrent checkpoint,
* but also prevent any checkpoints from racing to start just
* after the cancel call.
*
* @param delayMs the number of MS for which checkpoints will be
* prevented
*/
private void preventCheckpointsFor(long delayMs) {
preventCheckpointsUntil = monotonicNow() + delayMs;
}
private void doWork() {
final long checkPeriod = 1000 * checkpointConf.getCheckPeriod();
// Reset checkpoint time so that we don't always checkpoint
// on startup.
lastCheckpointTime = monotonicNow();
while (shouldRun) {
boolean needRollbackCheckpoint = namesystem.isNeedRollbackFsImage();
if (!needRollbackCheckpoint) {
try {
Thread.sleep(checkPeriod);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
}
if (!shouldRun) {
break;
}
}
try {
// We may have lost our ticket since last checkpoint, log in again, just in case
if (UserGroupInformation.isSecurityEnabled()) {
UserGroupInformation.getCurrentUser().checkTGTAndReloginFromKeytab();
}
final long now = monotonicNow();
final long uncheckpointed = countUncheckpointedTxns();
final long secsSinceLast = (now - lastCheckpointTime) / 1000;
boolean needCheckpoint = needRollbackCheckpoint;
if (needCheckpoint) {
LOG.info("Triggering a rollback fsimage for rolling upgrade.");
} else if (uncheckpointed >= checkpointConf.getTxnCount()) {
LOG.info("Triggering checkpoint because there have been " +
uncheckpointed + " txns since the last checkpoint, which " +
"exceeds the configured threshold " +
checkpointConf.getTxnCount());
needCheckpoint = true;
} else if (secsSinceLast >= checkpointConf.getPeriod()) {
LOG.info("Triggering checkpoint because it has been " +
secsSinceLast + " seconds since the last checkpoint, which " +
"exceeds the configured interval " + checkpointConf.getPeriod());
needCheckpoint = true;
}
synchronized (cancelLock) {
if (now < preventCheckpointsUntil) {
LOG.info("But skipping this checkpoint since we are about to failover!");
canceledCount++;
continue;
}
assert canceler == null;
canceler = new Canceler();
}
if (needCheckpoint) {
doCheckpoint();
// reset needRollbackCheckpoint to false only when we finish a ckpt
// for rollback image
if (needRollbackCheckpoint
&& namesystem.getFSImage().hasRollbackFSImage()) {
namesystem.setCreatedRollbackImages(true);
namesystem.setNeedRollbackFsImage(false);
}
lastCheckpointTime = now;
}
} catch (SaveNamespaceCancelledException ce) {
LOG.info("Checkpoint was cancelled: " + ce.getMessage());
canceledCount++;
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
LOG.info("Interrupted during checkpointing", ie);
// Probably requested shutdown.
continue;
} catch (Throwable t) {
LOG.error("Exception in doCheckpoint", t);
} finally {
synchronized (cancelLock) {
canceler = null;
}
}
}
}
}
@VisibleForTesting
URL getActiveNNAddress() {
return activeNNAddress;
}
}