Examples of com.vaadin.Application

com.vaadin.Application

Base class required for all Vaadin applications. This class provides all the basic services required by Vaadin. These services allow external discovery and manipulation of the user, {@link com.vaadin.ui.Window windows} andthemes, and starting and stopping the application.

As mentioned, all Vaadin applications must inherit this class. However, this is almost all of what one needs to do to create a fully functional application. The only thing a class inheriting the Application needs to do is implement the init method where it creates the windows it needs to perform its function. Note that all applications must have at least one window: the main window. The first unnamed window constructed by an application automatically becomes the main window which behaves just like other windows with one exception: when accessing windows using URLs the main window corresponds to the application URL whereas other windows correspond to a URL gotten by catenating the window's name to the application URL.

See the class com.vaadin.demo.HelloWorld for a simple example of a fully working application.

Window access. Application provides methods to list, add and remove the windows it contains.

Execution control. This class includes method to start and finish the execution of the application. Being finished means basically that no windows will be available from the application anymore.

Theme selection. The theme selection process allows a theme to be specified at three different levels. When a window's theme needs to be found out, the window itself is queried for a preferred theme. If the window does not prefer a specific theme, the application containing the window is queried. If neither the application prefers a theme, the default theme for the {@link com.vaadin.terminal.Terminal terminal} is used. The terminalalways defines a default theme.
@author IT Mill Ltd. @version 6.7.1 @since 3.0

            return locale;
        }
        if (parent != null) {
            return parent.getLocale();
        }
        final Application app = getApplication();
        if (app != null) {
            return app.getLocale();
        }
        return null;
    }

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    /**
     * Sets the focus for this component if the component is {@link Focusable}.
     */
    protected void focus() {
        if (this instanceof Focusable) {
            final Application app = getApplication();
            if (app != null) {
                getWindow().setFocusedComponent((Focusable) this);
                delayedFocus = false;
            } else {
                delayedFocus = true;

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    protected Application getNewApplication(HttpServletRequest request)
            throws ServletException {


        // Creates a new application instance
        try {
            final Application application = getApplicationClass().newInstance();


            return application;
        } catch (final IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new ServletException("getNewApplication failed", e);
        } catch (final InstantiationException e) {

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        if (value instanceof ExternalResource) {
            addAttribute(name, ((ExternalResource) value).getURL());


        } else if (value instanceof ApplicationResource) {
            final ApplicationResource r = (ApplicationResource) value;
            final Application a = r.getApplication();
            if (a == null) {
                throw new PaintException(
                        "Application not specified for resorce "
                                + value.getClass().getName());
            }
            final String uri = a.getRelativeLocation(r);
            addAttribute(name, uri);


        } else if (value instanceof ThemeResource) {
            final String uri = "theme://"
                    + ((ThemeResource) value).getResourceId();

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        if (isRepaintAll(request)) {
            // warn if versions do not match
            checkWidgetsetVersion(request);
        }


        Application application = null;
        boolean transactionStarted = false;
        boolean requestStarted = false;


        try {
            // If a duplicate "close application" URL is received for an
            // application that is not open, redirect to the application's main
            // page.
            // This is needed as e.g. Spring Security remembers the last
            // URL from the application, which is the logout URL, and repeats
            // it.
            // We can tell apart a real onunload request from a repeated one
            // based on the real one having content (at least the UIDL security
            // key).
            if (requestType == RequestType.UIDL
                    && request.getParameterMap().containsKey(
                            ApplicationConnection.PARAM_UNLOADBURST)
                    && request.getContentLength() < 1
                    && getExistingApplication(request, false) == null) {
                redirectToApplication(request, response);
                return;
            }


            // Find out which application this request is related to
            application = findApplicationInstance(request, requestType);
            if (application == null) {
                return;
            }


            /*
             * Get or create a WebApplicationContext and an ApplicationManager
             * for the session
             */
            WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = getApplicationContext(request
                    .getSession());
            CommunicationManager applicationManager = webApplicationContext
                    .getApplicationManager(application, this);


            /* Update browser information from the request */
            updateBrowserProperties(webApplicationContext.getBrowser(), request);


            /*
             * Call application requestStart before Application.init() is called
             * (bypasses the limitation in TransactionListener)
             */
            if (application instanceof HttpServletRequestListener) {
                ((HttpServletRequestListener) application).onRequestStart(
                        request, response);
                requestStarted = true;
            }


            // Start the newly created application
            startApplication(request, application, webApplicationContext);


            /*
             * Transaction starts. Call transaction listeners. Transaction end
             * is called in the finally block below.
             */
            webApplicationContext.startTransaction(application, request);
            transactionStarted = true;


            /* Handle the request */
            if (requestType == RequestType.FILE_UPLOAD) {
                applicationManager.handleFileUpload(request, response);
                return;
            } else if (requestType == RequestType.UIDL) {
                // Handles AJAX UIDL requests
                Window window = applicationManager.getApplicationWindow(
                        request, this, application, null);
                applicationManager.handleUidlRequest(request, response, this,
                        window);
                return;
            }


            // Removes application if it has stopped (mayby by thread or
            // transactionlistener)
            if (!application.isRunning()) {
                endApplication(request, response, application);
                return;
            }


            // Finds the window within the application
            Window window = getApplicationWindow(request, applicationManager,
                    application);
            if (window == null) {
                throw new ServletException(ERROR_NO_WINDOW_FOUND);
            }


            // Sets terminal type for the window, if not already set
            if (window.getTerminal() == null) {
                window.setTerminal(webApplicationContext.getBrowser());
            }


            // Handle parameters
            final Map<String, String[]> parameters = request.getParameterMap();
            if (window != null && parameters != null) {
                window.handleParameters(parameters);
            }


            /*
             * Call the URI handlers and if this turns out to be a download
             * request, send the file to the client
             */
            if (handleURI(applicationManager, window, request, response)) {
                return;
            }


            // Send initial AJAX page that kickstarts a Vaadin application
            writeAjaxPage(request, response, window, application);


        } catch (final SessionExpiredException e) {
            // Session has expired, notify user
            handleServiceSessionExpired(request, response);
        } catch (final GeneralSecurityException e) {
            handleServiceSecurityException(request, response);
        } catch (final Throwable e) {
            handleServiceException(request, response, application, e);
        } finally {
            // Notifies transaction end
            try {
                if (transactionStarted) {
                    ((WebApplicationContext) application.getContext())
                            .endTransaction(application, request);


                }


            } finally {

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        boolean requestCanCreateApplication = requestCanCreateApplication(
                request, requestType);


        /* Find an existing application for this request. */
        Application application = getExistingApplication(request,
                requestCanCreateApplication);


        if (application != null) {
            /*
             * There is an existing application. We can use this as long as the

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     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws MalformedURLException
     */
    private Application createApplication(HttpServletRequest request)
            throws ServletException, MalformedURLException {
        Application newApplication = getNewApplication(request);


        final WebApplicationContext context = getApplicationContext(request
                .getSession());
        context.addApplication(newApplication);

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        final Collection<Application> applications = context.getApplications();


        // Search for the application (using the application URI) from the list
        for (final Iterator<Application> i = applications.iterator(); i
                .hasNext();) {
            final Application sessionApplication = i.next();
            final String sessionApplicationPath = sessionApplication.getURL()
                    .getPath();
            String requestApplicationPath = getApplicationUrl(request)
                    .getPath();


            if (requestApplicationPath.equals(sessionApplicationPath)) {
                // Found a running application
                if (sessionApplication.isRunning()) {
                    return sessionApplication;
                }
                // Application has stopped, so remove it before creating a new
                // application
                getApplicationContext(session).removeApplication(

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            outWriter.close();
        } else if (requestType == RequestType.STATIC_FILE) {
            serveStaticResources((ResourceRequest) request,
                    (ResourceResponse) response);
        } else {
            Application application = null;
            boolean transactionStarted = false;
            boolean requestStarted = false;


            try {
                // TODO What about PARAM_UNLOADBURST & redirectToApplication??


                /* Find out which application this request is related to */
                application = findApplicationInstance(request, requestType);
                if (application == null) {
                    return;
                }


                /*
                 * Get or create an application context and an application
                 * manager for the session
                 */
                PortletApplicationContext2 applicationContext = PortletApplicationContext2
                        .getApplicationContext(request.getPortletSession());
                applicationContext.setResponse(response);
                applicationContext.setPortletConfig(getPortletConfig());


                PortletCommunicationManager applicationManager = applicationContext
                        .getApplicationManager(application);


                if (response instanceof RenderResponse
                        && applicationManager.dummyURL == null) {
                    /*
                     * The application manager needs an URL to the dummy page.
                     * See the PortletCommunicationManager.sendUploadResponse
                     * method for more information.
                     */
                    ResourceURL dummyURL = ((RenderResponse) response)
                            .createResourceURL();
                    dummyURL.setResourceID("DUMMY");
                    applicationManager.dummyURL = dummyURL.toString();
                }


                /* Update browser information from request */
                updateBrowserProperties(applicationContext.getBrowser(),
                        request);


                /*
                 * Call application requestStart before Application.init() is
                 * called (bypasses the limitation in TransactionListener)
                 */
                if (application instanceof PortletRequestListener) {
                    ((PortletRequestListener) application).onRequestStart(
                            request, response);
                    requestStarted = true;
                }


                /* Start the newly created application */
                startApplication(request, application, applicationContext);


                /*
                 * Transaction starts. Call transaction listeners. Transaction
                 * end is called in the finally block below.
                 */
                applicationContext.startTransaction(application, request);
                transactionStarted = true;


                /* Notify listeners */


                // Finds the window within the application
                Window window = null;
                synchronized (application) {
                    if (application.isRunning()) {
                        switch (requestType) {
                        case FILE_UPLOAD:
                            // no window
                            break;
                        case APPLICATION_RESOURCE:
                            // use main window - should not need any window
                            window = application.getMainWindow();
                            break;
                        default:
                            window = applicationManager.getApplicationWindow(
                                    request, this, application, null);
                        }
                        // if window not found, not a problem - use null
                    }
                }


                // TODO Should this happen before or after the transaction
                // starts?
                if (request instanceof RenderRequest) {
                    applicationContext.firePortletRenderRequest(application,
                            window, (RenderRequest) request,
                            (RenderResponse) response);
                } else if (request instanceof ActionRequest) {
                    applicationContext.firePortletActionRequest(application,
                            window, (ActionRequest) request,
                            (ActionResponse) response);
                } else if (request instanceof EventRequest) {
                    applicationContext.firePortletEventRequest(application,
                            window, (EventRequest) request,
                            (EventResponse) response);
                } else if (request instanceof ResourceRequest) {
                    applicationContext.firePortletResourceRequest(application,
                            window, (ResourceRequest) request,
                            (ResourceResponse) response);
                }


                /* Handle the request */
                if (requestType == RequestType.FILE_UPLOAD) {
                    applicationManager.handleFileUpload(
                            (ActionRequest) request, (ActionResponse) response);
                    return;
                } else if (requestType == RequestType.UIDL) {
                    // Handles AJAX UIDL requests
                    applicationManager.handleUidlRequest(
                            (ResourceRequest) request,
                            (ResourceResponse) response, this, window);
                    return;
                } else {
                    /*
                     * Removes the application if it has stopped
                     */
                    if (!application.isRunning()) {
                        endApplication(request, response, application);
                        return;
                    }


                    handleOtherRequest(request, response, requestType,
                            application, window, applicationContext,
                            applicationManager);
                }
            } catch (final SessionExpiredException e) {
                // TODO Figure out a better way to deal with
                // SessionExpiredExceptions
                System.err.println("Session has expired");
                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
            } catch (final GeneralSecurityException e) {
                // TODO Figure out a better way to deal with
                // GeneralSecurityExceptions
                System.err
                        .println("General security exception, should never happen");
                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
            } catch (final Throwable e) {
                handleServiceException(request, response, application, e);
            } finally {
                // Notifies transaction end
                try {
                    if (transactionStarted) {
                        ((PortletApplicationContext2) application.getContext())
                                .endTransaction(application, request);
                    }
                } finally {
                    if (requestStarted) {
                        ((PortletRequestListener) application).onRequestEnd(

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        boolean requestCanCreateApplication = requestCanCreateApplication(
                request, requestType);


        /* Find an existing application for this request. */
        Application application = getExistingApplication(request,
                requestCanCreateApplication);


        if (application != null) {
            /*
             * There is an existing application. We can use this as long as the

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com.googlecode.mcvaadin.helpers.UIBuilder

com.siemens.ct.osgi.vaadin.pm.main.MainApplication

com.vaadin.terminal.ApplicationResource

com.vaadin.terminal.DownloadStream

com.vaadin.terminal.gwt.server.AbstractApplicationPortlet

com.vaadin.terminal.gwt.server.AbstractApplicationServlet

com.vaadin.terminal.gwt.server.AbstractCommunicationManager

com.vaadin.terminal.gwt.server.AbstractWebApplicationContext

com.vaadin.terminal.gwt.server.ApplicationPortlet

com.vaadin.terminal.gwt.server.ApplicationRunnerServlet

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